Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic allergic disease of childhood, the pathogenesis of which is based on endogenous genotype and which manifests by various clinical phenotypes — isolated or combined with other forms of atopy — allergic rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis (AR/ARC) and/or bronchial asthma (BA). Currently, one of the most studied genetic markers of AD developmental risk is the single nucleotide polymorphism of the filaggrin gene (SNP FLG), in particular, rs_7927894. The basic AD biomarker is total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE). But, so far, there has been no studies combining the mentioned predictors markers within different clinical AD phenotypes in children. Purpose — to detect the variants of SNP rs_7927894 of FLG gene and serum total IgE concentrations as personalized predictors panel for different AD clinical phenotypes developmental risk in children. Materials and methods. There were recruited 2 groups of patients into the study: the main comprised 39 children with phenotypes of AD isolated and combined with AR/ARC and/or BA; the control group comprised 47 children with disorders of digestive system (functional dyspepsia, chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, functional biliary disorders) without clinical signs of atopy. The threshold level of statistical significance was set as p<0.05. Results. There were detected the predictor genotype and biomarker for the AD developmental risk as per AD isolated phenotype: 4.11 (95% CI 1.28; 13.18, p<0.05) within C/T SNP rs_7927894 of FLG gene variant and 8.98 (95% CI 2.53, 31.86, p<0.001) for total serum IgE>173 IU/ml. As well, predictor genotype and biomarker for the developmental risk of the AD combined with AR/ARC/BA phenotype were detected: 2.88 (95% 1.07; 8.54, p<0.05) within the C/T SNP rs_7927894 of FLG gene variant and 8.98 (95% CI 2.53; 31.86, p<0.001) for total serum IgE>213 IU/ml. Additionally, the developmental risk for the phenotype of AD combined with AR/ARC/ BA in comparison with AD isolated at a cut-off serum total IgE>1001 IU/ml was detected as 16.00 (95% CI 2.68; 95.44, p<0.01). Conclusions. The C/T SNP rs_7927894 of FLG gene variant and cut(off serum IgE concentrations are significantly associated with the developmental risk of AD clinical phenotypes in children. Total IgE remains a significant predictor biomarker of AD risk in children aged 3 to 18 years at serum concentrations >173 IU/ml for the AD isolated and at serum concentrations >213 IU/ml for the AD combined with AR/ARC/AD phenotypes. The level of total serum IgE>1001 IU/ml is a significant predictor biomarker for the developmental risk of AD phenotype combined with AR/ARC/BA in comparison to the AD isolated phenotype in children. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: atopic dermatitis, children, phenotype, filaggrin gene, single(nucleotide polymorphism, total immune globulin E.
Clinical phenotypes of atopic dermatitis
