scholarly journals Impact of anthropogenic emissions on biogenic secondary organic aerosol: Observation in the Pearl River Delta, South China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Qing Zhang ◽  
Duo-Hong Chen ◽  
Xiang Ding ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollutants ◽  
Annual Average Concentration ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from biogenic precursors is affected by anthropogenic emissions, which is not well understood in polluted areas. In the study, we accomplished a year-round campaign at nine sites in the polluted areas located in Pearl River Delta (PRD) region during 2015. We measured typical biogenic SOA (BSOA) tracers from isoprene, monoterpenes, and β-caryophyllene as well as major gaseous and particulate pollutants and investigated the impact of anthropogenic pollutants on BSOA formation. The concentrations of BSOA tracers were in the range of 45.4 to 109 ng m−3 with the majority composed of products from monoterpenes (SOAM, 47.2 ± 9.29 ng m−3), followed by isoprene (SOAI, 23.1 ± 10.8 ng m−3), and β-caryophyllene (SOAC, 3.85 ± 1.75 ng m−3). We found that atmospheric oxidants, Ox (O3 plus NO2), and sulfate correlated well with high-generation SOAM tracers, but not so for first-generation SOAM products. This suggested that high Ox and sulfate could promote the formation of high-generation SOAM products, which probably led to relatively aged SOAM we observed in the PRD. For the SOAI tracers, not only 2-methylglyceric acid (NO/NO2-channel product), but also the ratio of 2-methylglyceric acid to 2-methyltetrols (HO2-channel products) exhibit NOx dependence, indicating the significant impact of NOx on SOAI formation pathways. The SOAC tracer elevated in winter at all sites and positively correlated with levoglucosan, Ox, and sulfate. Thus, the unexpected increase of SOAC in wintertime might be highly associated with the enhancement of biomass burning, atmospheric oxidation capacity and sulfate components in the PRD. The BSOAs that were estimated by the SOA tracer approach showed the highest concentration in fall and the lowest concentration in spring with an annual average concentration of 1.68 ± 0.40 μg m−3. SOAM dominated the BSOA mass all year round. We also found that BSOA correlated well with sulfate and Ox. This implicated the significant effects of anthropogenic pollutants on BSOA formation and highlighted that we could reduce the BSOA through controlling on the anthropogenic emissions of sulfate and Ox precursors in polluted regions.

scholarly journals Impact of anthropogenic emissions on biogenic secondary organic aerosol: observation in the Pearl River Delta, southern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 14403-14415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Qing Zhang ◽  
Duo-Hong Chen ◽  
Xiang Ding ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollutants ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
The Pearl River ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from biogenic precursors is affected by anthropogenic emissions, which are not well understood in polluted areas. In this study, we accomplished a year-round campaign at nine sites in polluted areas located in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region during 2015. We measured typical biogenic SOA (BSOA) tracers from isoprene, monoterpenes, and β-caryophyllene, as well as major gaseous and particulate pollutants and investigated the impact of anthropogenic pollutants on BSOA formation. The concentrations of BSOA tracers were in the range of 45.4 to 109 ng m−3 with the majority composed of products from monoterpenes (SOAM, 47.2±9.29 ng m−3), isoprene (SOAI, 23.1±10.8 ng m−3), and β-caryophyllene (SOAC, 3.85±1.75 ng m−3). We found that atmospheric oxidants, Ox (O3 plus NO2), and sulfate correlated well with later-generation SOAM tracers, but this was not the case for first-generation SOAM products. This suggested that high Ox and sulfate levels could promote the formation of later-generation SOAM products, which probably led to the relatively aged SOAM that we observed in the PRD. For the SOAI tracers, both 2-methylglyceric acid (NO/NO2-channel product) and the ratio of 2-methylglyceric acid to 2-methyltetrols (HO2-channel products) exhibit NOx dependence, indicating the significant impact of NOx on SOAI formation pathways. The SOAC tracer was elevated in winter at all sites and was positively correlated with levoglucosan, Ox, and sulfate. Thus, the unexpected increase in SOAC in wintertime might be highly associated with the enhancement of biomass burning, O3 chemistry, and the sulfate component in the PRD. The BSOAs that were estimated using the SOA tracer approach showed the highest concentration in fall and the lowest concentration in spring with an annual average concentration of 1.68±0.40 µg m−3. SOAM dominated the BSOA mass all year round. We also found that BSOA correlated well with sulfate and Ox. This implied a significant effect from anthropogenic pollutants on BSOA formation and highlighted that we could reduce BSOA by controlling the anthropogenic emissions of sulfate and Ox precursors in polluted regions.

scholarly journals Impact of Land-Use Change on Atmospheric Environment Using Refined Land Surface Properties in the Pearl River Delta, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anqi Lai ◽  
Yiming Liu ◽  
Xiaoyang Chen ◽  
Ming Chang ◽  
Qi Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
The Pearl River ◽  
The Impact

We replaced the outdated land-use of the Weather Research and Forecasting-Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model with a refined dataset, the Global Land Cover 2009 (GLC2009) dataset, to investigate the impact of land-use change on the regional atmospheric environment in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. Simulations of two months in 2014 (January and July) showed that land-use change increased the monthly averaged 2 m temperature by 0.24°C and 0.27°C in January and July, respectively. The relative humidity decreased by 2.02% and 2.23% in January and July, respectively. Due to the increase in ground roughness, the monthly averaged wind speed in January and July decreased by 0.19 m/s and 0.16 m/s. The planetary boundary layer height increased throughout the day and with larger relative increase during the nighttime. These subtle changes caused by land-use resulted in discernable changes in pollutant concentrations. Monthly averaged surface O3 concentration increased by 0.93 µg/m3 and 1.61 µg/m3 in January and July, while PM2.5 concentration decreased by 1.58 µg/m3 and 3.76 µg/m3, and the changes in pollutant concentrations were more noticeable during the nighttime. Overall, the impacts of land-use change on the atmospheric environment are obvious throughout the PRD region, especially in the urbanized areas.

scholarly journals Workplace quality and labour turnover in the electronics industry of the Pearl River Delta, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Hartmann Kilian ◽  
Daniel Schiller ◽  
Frauke Kraas
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Global Markets ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
The Pearl River ◽  
Demand Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Labour Turnover

AbstractExport-oriented manufacturing firms in developing countries need to be highly flexible in order to respond to demand changes in volatile global markets. By using a modified version of Atkinson’s flexible firm concept as a framework, it is the aim of this paper (i) to describe the impact of workplace quality on labour turnover and (ii) to derive implications of this relationship for upgrading processes. Empirical data are combined from two surveys of migrant workers and electronics firms in the Pearl River Delta, China.

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