Smuggling reduction of gas cylinders through the implementation of radio frequency identification technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Marco David Revelo ◽  
Victor Javier Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Gas Cylinder ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gas Cylinders

Ecuador subsidizes fuels, the problem with this benefit is that, many citizens are dedicated to illegally market these resources in border cities, among these fuels there are the cylinders of liquefied petroleum gas; the existing fragile control greatly benefits smuggling, representing a loss of resources for Ecuador.   There is no subsidy in neighboring countries such as Peru and Colombia, and unfortunately some citizens have chosen to engage in illegal fuel marketing, generating economic losses for the country. The actual cost of a 15 kilo gas cylinder is 12.00 dollars, however, it is sold at 1.60 dollar. It means that the government subsidizes 89% of the price of gas, with barely 11% being paid by consumers. (Diario el Comercio, 2013)   People who take advantage of the poor control of illegal marketing, reduce the number of cylinders in border areas of Ecuador and therefore increase the price, this situation has generated inconveniences for Ecuadorian citizens when they can not acquire gas cylinders. Currently, given the advance of technology in particular of microelectronics, it is very common to use portable electronic devices such as RFID (Radio Frequency Identifier) tags, for this project the active labels of 2.4 GHz allow the unique identification of each gas cylinder, as well as the portability of the information and the relation of belonging between gas cylinders and citizens, facilitating their monitoring and control.

58 RADIO-FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION INTELI-STRAWS: GAMETES AND EMBRYO PACKAGING, STORAGE, AND INFORMATION RECOVERY

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
M. E. Kjelland ◽  
T. Loper ◽  
C. Woodley ◽  
T. M. Swannack ◽  
T. K. Stroud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Information Recovery ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Extreme Cold ◽  
And Control

The assisted reproduction industry involving sales and services for gametes and embryos for domestic animals of commercial value is a large market totaling millions of dollars annually. The objective of this study was to develop and test gamete and embryo packaging—Inteli-Straws (I-S) equipped with radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology. Specifically, French straws (0.25 and 0.5 mL) were modified to include extreme cold-tolerant RFID microchips. Two groups of I-S were formed: Group (G)1: RFID chips that were autoclaved (n = 49), and G2: RFID chips that were not autoclaved (n = 47). Both groups had a control that was not exposed to liquid nitrogen (LN). Each group was exposed to LN up to 4 times: 2 slow freezes first and then 2 fast (i.e. vitrification) freezes, and I-S RFID chip survival was determined. I-S detection and readability (non-autoclaved) was also measured, placing I-S just above LN (in vapors, n = 43) or just below LN (n = 38). Statistical differences (α = 0.05) were determined using Fisher’s exact test. The results between G1 and G2 were not significantly different (P = 0.108) after 4 rounds of cryopreservation (and thawing). For G1, 98% (48/49) of the I-S RFID chips remained operational, and control and treatment were not significantly different (P = 1.000). For G2, 89.4% (42/47) of the autoclaved RFID chips remained operational, and control and treatment not significantly different (P = 0.099). RFID chip readability results; that is, the ability to detect the I-S versus not able to detect the I-S, comparing placement just above liquid nitrogen (LN) versus the placement just below LN were not significantly different (P = 0.105). Notably, detection differences varied within each group, with I-S in G1 (mean = 9.5; SD = 3.5 cm) readable at a larger distance, 5.2 cm farther than the mean of G2 (mean = 4.3; SD = 1.9 cm). During AI or embryo transfer (ET), a technician may not clearly identify the label or colour of straw, may incorrectly record the information, or may take more time than desirable to record it. Increased exposure times may lead to decreased viability of gametes and embryos. The results show that by using the I-S, one may quickly scan the straw within LN or LN vapors, thereby automatically detecting information and even uploading it to a database (e.g. scanner sophistication). We are not aware of comparable device to I-S for locating and retrieving associated information without removing the gamete/embryo packaging from LN or LN vapors; unlike traditionally labelled straws (e.g. laser etched or ink labels). Also, for AI and ET, the I-S can be quickly scanned and the straw information automatically detected and uploaded to a database.

scholarly journals RFID Applications in Retail

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narges Kasiri
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Inventory Management ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Operations Management ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Retail Operations ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
And Control ◽  
Rfid Applications

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is one of the latest product tracking technologies being utilized by retailers. Operations management improvements were among the first recognized applications of this technology earlier in the century. RFID applications in managing retail operations, such as inventory management and control, lead to significant benefits. However, RFID applications are not limited to operations management and go beyond the operations side to offer improvements in other areas in retail such as marketing and managing customers’ shopping experiences. In this research, we review the applications of RFID technology in retail since its introduction and how those applications have evolved over the last two decades to help retailers provide omnichannel services to their customers in the current market. We will demonstrate what strategic and tactical factors have helped retailers implement this technology and what factors have slowed down the process of adoption. We will also report on the latest status of the utilization of RFID in the retail sector.

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