scholarly journals Identification of Key Components of Payment For Ecosystem Services (Pes) Mechanism In Begnas Lake Watershed of Pokhara-Lekhnath Metropolitan City, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-138
Author(s):  
Arpan Gelal ◽  
Ukesh Raj Bhuju
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Payment For Ecosystem Services ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Payment Mechanism ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Cash Payment ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Local Residents

Payment for Ecosystem Service (PES) scheme for certain ecosystem services is being used as a mechanism to provide incentive to suppliers of the services by the beneficiaries. In Nepal, PES like schemes is in practice since a long time, though the discussions on formal PES schemes have recently been started. This study has been carried out at Begnas Lake Watershed (BWS), a Ramsar site, at Pokhara-Lekhnath Metropolitan of Nepal. It aims to understand the perception of local residents towards the implementation of PES scheme in BWS. Furthermore, it also identifies key actors for PES implementation at BWS, their role in PES design and implementation as well as potential payment mechanism for the ecosystem services within the PES scheme at BWS. Finally, institutional structure for PES design and implementation is also presented. The study finds positive perception of local people towards initiating payment mechanism for the use of ecosystem services to ensure environmental conservation and sustainable management of the resources. Both upstream and downstream population favors mix of public/private PES scheme while upstream population favors cash-payment type scheme and downstream population favors the capacity building of upstream communities in conservation efforts. It is also noted that upstream people favor input-based mode of payment and downstream people are inclined towards output-based payments. The study found some ‘PES-like’ practices operational in the watershed. The study recommends the formation of ‘Begnas Watershed PES Advisory and Coordination Committee’ with due participation of identified stakeholders to initiate and institutionalize formal PES mechanism at BWS.

Payment for Ecosystem Services policies in Peru: assessing the social and ecological dimensions of water services in the upper Santa River basin 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa María Dextre ◽  
María Luisa Eschenhagen ◽  
Mirtha Camacho ◽  
Sally Rangecroft ◽  
Laurence Couldrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Water Services ◽  
Payment For Ecosystem Services ◽  
Metabolic Pattern ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Latin American Region

<p>Increasing pressures on ecosystems in the Latin American region as well as the adoption of multilateral conservation commitments have led to the implementation of instruments that are economic in nature but oriented towards the recovery, conservation, and functioning of ecosystems. The increasing adoption of schemes such as payment for ecosystem services (PES) has emerged as multilateral strategies to address water security problems in the mountain regions of Perú. However, their design and implementation can face many barriers when the policy is translated into practice in a local context. Socio-economic processes and hydro-climatic factors are affecting the capacity of the ecosystems of the glaciated Cordillera Blanca (Peruvian Andes) to provide water services, in terms of both, quality and quantity, to the main users of the Santa River basin. This study thus aims to analyze how the hydro-social relations affect, and are affected by, the introduction of water-related PES in the Quillcay sub-basin, one of the most populated sub-basin along the Santa River basin. The water metabolism approach was used to characterize water as a service produced by ecological systems (water as an ecological fund) and co-produced by social systems (water as a social flow). For this purpose, a classification of the different social and ecological uses and meanings of water was used, as well as the role of the different actors involved. </p><p>Based on the combination of primary data, both from an urban citizens survey (Huaraz) and semi-structured interviews with different actors, and from secondary sources, we present evidence that the metabolic pattern of water in the upper Santa basin is impacted not only by the glacial meltwater and rainwater regime but also by political, economic and cultural power relations over water. Thus, the implementation of a PES policy in the upper Santa basin affects and is affected by, ecological and social dimensions of water. In the ecological dimension, glacial retreat makes the design of a water-related PES more complex. In the social dimension, some socio-political processes, such as the lack of experience and the limited technical and financial capacity of public water management institutions to carry out these processes, as well as the lack of political will of regional and local authorities to promote them, are affecting the way these PES schemes are implemented. Along with these institutional bottlenecks, local socio-cultural processes related to a lack of interest in participating and demanding to participate in these decision-making processes could result in the design of a mechanism in which not all stakeholders benefit equally. This raises the need to recognize the multi-dimensional nature of water in the design and implementation of policies, and the importance of identifying processes and barriers which affect the success of these policies.</p>

scholarly journals Contribution of Supportive Local Communities to Sustainable Event Tourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7853
Author(s):  
Xiubai Li ◽  
Jinok Susanna Kim ◽  
Timothy J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Local Resident ◽  
Public Agency ◽  
Cultural Festivals ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Puppet Show ◽  
Supportive Community

The importance of community attitude and participation for the success and sustainability of cultural festivals has been steadily increasing in recent years. The Chuncheon Puppet Festival (CPF) is an international festival that has been held every year since 1989 in Chuncheon, Korea. The festival has several distinctive characteristics as a sustainable event because: (a) it maintains its single genre of puppet performances based on modern cultural art; (b) it is well-established as the festival for the local residents of Chuncheon City and is planned by local community residents and local small companies, not by government agencies or global large entrepreneurs; (c) it helps children to have an interesting cultural experience in the local environment; and (d) it is regularly hosted in August, an off-season for festivals in Korea that was chosen by residents as it is a school holiday season. However, there is still room for improvement to secure its place as a successful sustainable festival. The following might be considered: (i) increased exchange of human resources among the festival executive members, community groups, and the public staff in Chuncheon City; (ii) local residents should maintain full control of the festival; and (iii) a local cultural trust should be established by cultural art professionals, local resident organizations, puppet show professionals, and public agency staff. The CPF is a typical example of a successful sustainable festival with proactive and supportive community participation and a large number of volunteers that help to increase local competitiveness and sustainable local development. This case report delivers insightful lessons and messages to guide what needs to be preconditioned for local cultural festivals to be sustainable and successful for a long time in many destinations, where they can contribute as efficient catalysts for regional tourism development.

scholarly journals Towards sustainable management of the stock and ecosystem services of urban trees. From theory to model and application

Trees ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Pretzsch ◽  
A. Moser-Reischl ◽  
M. A. Rahman ◽  
S. Pauleit ◽  
T. Rötzer
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Urban Tree ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Sustainable Planning

Abstract Key message A model for sustainable planning of urban tree stocks is proposed, incorporating growth, mortality, replacement rates and ecosystem service provision, providing a basis for planning of urban tree stocks. Abstract Many recent studies have improved the knowledge about urban trees, their structures, functions, and ecosystem services. We introduce a concept and model for the sustainable management of urban trees, analogous to the concept of sustainable forestry developed by Carl von Carlowitz and others. The main drivers of the model are species-specific tree diameter growth functions and mortality rates. Based on the initial tree stock and options for the annual replanting, the shift of the distribution of the number of trees per age class can be predicted with progressing time. Structural characteristics such as biomass and leaf area are derived from tree dimensions that can be related to functions such as carbon sequestration or cooling. To demonstrate the potential of the dynamic model, we first show how different initial stocks of trees can be quantitatively assessed by sustainability indicators compared to a target stock. Second, we derive proxy variables for ecosystem services (e.g. biomass for carbon sequestration, leaf area for deposition and shading) from a given distribution of the number of trees per age class. Third, we show by scenario analyses how selected ecosystem services and functions may be improved by combining complementary tree species. We exercise one aspect (cooling) of one ecosystem service (temperature mitigation) as an example. The approach integrates mosaic pieces of knowledge about urban trees, their structures, functions, and resulting ecosystem services. The presented model makes this knowledge available for a sustainable management of urban tree stocks. We discuss the potential and relevance of the developed concept and model for ecologically and economically sustainable planning and management, in view of progressing urbanization and environmental changes.

Mekanisme Penilaian Tanah dan Konsinyasi dalam Kegiatan Pengadaan Tanah (Studi Kasus Terhadap Bidang Tanah yang Mengalami Penolakan dari Pihak yang Berhak pada Pembangunan Bandara Baru Yogyakarta)

Tunas Agraria ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-82
Author(s):  
Setyabella Prima Putri ◽  
Senthot Sudirman ◽  
Rofiq Laksamana
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
District Court ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
Payment Mechanism ◽  
Valuation Process ◽  
Land Valuation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Land Assessment

Abstract: Land Acquisition for public interest in Kulon Progo Regency is a procedure that must be implemented before initializing the new airport, which will replace the function of Adisutjipto airport. It facing much rejection during the process, so that it takes long time in completion. That also causing the identification and inventory process to be inhibited so that the land valuation process can’t be done perfectly. Their compensation won’t be given directly to the land owner, but through the consignment procedure that deposited at the District Court. This research is conducted by descriptive qualitative method. The results show that the assessment of the land is done well, although there is a discretionary decision, so that re-assessment is conducted in different time. The payment mechanism of compensation through consignment also done according to procedures, although the requirement of rejection letter from the party who is not eligible can’t be fulfilled, because it can be suspended due to the large interest for the land acquisition process of the new airport. Keywords: land assessment, consignment, land acquisition Intisari: Pembangunan bandara udara baru yang dapat menggantikan fungsi bandara udara Adisutjipto sudah tidak dapat dielakkan lagi. Pembangunan bandara udara baru dilaksanakan melalui prosedur Pengadaan Tanah untuk Kepentingan Umum. Penolakan terhadap pembangunan bandara udara terjadi dalam kegiatan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mekanisme penilaian dan mekanisme konsinyasi terhadap bidang tanah yang mengalami penolakan oleh pihak yang berhak pada kegiatan pengadaan tanah tersebut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pelaksanaan penilaian bidang tanah secara keseluruhan sudah sesuai prosedur yang ada, akan tetapi terdapat putusan diskresi terhadap bidang tanah yang sebelumnya tidak dapat dilakukan penilaian secara keseluruhan kemudian dilakukan penilaian ulang di luar waktu yang telah ditentukan. Mekanisme pembayaran ganti kerugian melalui konsinyasi sudah sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, hanya dalam proses permohonan registrasi konsinyasi terdapat satu syarat terkait dengan surat penolakan dari pihak yang berhak yang tidak dapat dilampirkan, hal tersebut dapat ditangguhkan mengingat besarnya kepentingan kelancaran proses pengadaan tanah pembangunan bandara udara baru ini. Kata Kunci: penilaian bidang, konsinyasi, pengadaan tanah

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