scholarly journals Analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ether and tetrabromobisphenol A in plastic samples in Mongolia

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Bayarmaa ◽  
T Gan-Erdene ◽  
Roland Weber ◽  
L Jargalsaikhan
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Diphenyl Ether ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Brominated Flame Retardants ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Tetrabromobisphenol A ◽  
Electronic Products ◽  
Cadmium Lead

This study was conducted to determine brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in electronic products in view compliance with the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) and initiated by activities for implementation of the Stockholm Convention. Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are synthetic additives mainly used in electrical and electronic appliances and in construction materials. Total 16 plastic casing samples were tested for threshold levels of polybrominated ethers. According the XFR results, the concentration of cadmium, lead, mercury and chromium were found below than Maximum Concentration Value (MCV) of RoHS, while the concentration of total bromine was exceeded the standard limitations in the samples. Only 1 out of the 16 plastic samples contains DecaBDEs while Tetrabromobisphenol (TBBP-A) is the major brominated flame retardants. However by the presence of one sample the average concentration of DecaBDE was above the RoHS limit of 1000 ppm as found in studies in other countries.DOI: http://doi.dx.org/10.5564/mjc.v15i0.317 Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 15 (41), 2014, p27-32

Levels of flame retardants HBCD, TBBPA and TBC in surface soils from an industrialized region of East China

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1015-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Tang ◽  
Jiayong Feng ◽  
Xinhu Li ◽  
Gang Li
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Brominated Flame Retardants ◽  
East China ◽  
Tetrabromobisphenol A ◽  
Surface Soils

Brominated flame retardants hexabromocyclododecanes, tetrabromobisphenol A and tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate are ubiquitous contaminants in the surface soils of an industrialized region of East China.

scholarly journals Recycling Plastics from WEEE: A Review of the Environmental and Human Health Challenges Associated with Brominated Flame Retardants

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 766
Author(s):  
Cecilia Chaine ◽  
Andrew S. Hursthouse ◽  
Bruce McLean ◽  
Iain McLellan ◽  
Brian McMahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Brominated Flame Retardants ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Weee Recycling ◽  
Treatment Facilities

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) presents the dual characteristic of containing both hazardous substances and valuable recoverable materials. Mainly found in WEEE plastics, brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are a component of particular interest. Several actions have been taken worldwide to regulate their use and disposal, however, in countries where no regulation is in place, the recovery of highly valuable materials has promoted the development of informal treatment facilities, with serious consequences for the environment and the health of the workers and communities involved. Hence, in this review we examine a wide spectrum of aspects related to WEEE plastic management. A search of legislation and the literature was made to determine the current legal framework by region/country. Additionally, we focused on identifying the most relevant methods of existing industrial processes for determining BFRs and their challenges. BFR occurrence and substitution by novel BFRs (NBFRs) was reviewed. An emphasis was given to review the health and environmental impacts associated with BFR/NBFR presence in waste, consumer products, and WEEE recycling facilities. Knowledge and research gaps of this topic were highlighted. Finally, the discussion on current trends and proposals to attend to this relevant issue were outlined.

scholarly journals Prevention-intervention strategies to reduce exposure to e-waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Heacock ◽  
Brittany Trottier ◽  
Sharad Adhikary ◽  
Kwadwo Ansong Asante ◽  
Nil Basu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Consumer Electronics ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Abstract As one of the largest waste streams, electronic waste (e-waste) production continues to grow in response to global demand for consumer electronics. This waste is often shipped to developing countries where it is disassembled and recycled. In many cases, e-waste recycling activities are conducted in informal settings with very few controls or protections in place for workers. These activities involve exposure to hazardous substances such as cadmium, lead, and brominated flame retardants and are frequently performed by women and children. Although recycling practices and exposures vary by scale and geographic region, we present case studies of e-waste recycling scenarios and intervention approaches to reduce or prevent exposures to the hazardous substances in e-waste that may be broadly applicable to diverse situations. Drawing on parallels identified in these cases, we discuss the future prevention and intervention strategies that recognize the difficult economic realities of informal e-waste recycling.

Determination of brominated flame retardants in food by LC–MS/MS: diastereoisomer-specific hexabromocyclododecane and tetrabromobisphenol A

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 895-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Driffield ◽  
Nick Harmer ◽  
Emma Bradley ◽  
Alwyn R Fernandes ◽  
Martin Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Brominated Flame Retardants ◽  
Tetrabromobisphenol A
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