PERSPECTIVE AREAS OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR A COMFORTABLE HUMAN PRESENCE IN THE ARCTIC

TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF THE ARCTIC PROJECTS: CHALLENGES FOR SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY

10.51823/74670_2021_2_84 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 84-91

Author(s):

A. M. Fadeev ◽

E. M. Lisunova

Keyword(s):

The Arctic ◽

Technological Support

Download Full-text

Is Svalbard a pristine ecosystem? Reconstructing 420 years of human presence in an Arctic archipelago

Polar Record ◽

10.1017/s0032247416000309 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 52 (5) ◽

pp. 518-534 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Frigga Kruse

Keyword(s):

Holistic Approach ◽

Environmental Conservation ◽

The Arctic ◽

Ecosystem Change ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Anthropogenic Pressure ◽

Distribution Map ◽

Human Presence ◽

Future Work

ABSTRACTThe Arctic is commonly perceived as a pristine wilderness, yet more than four centuries of human industry have not left Svalbard untouched. This paper explores the historical dimension of human-induced ecosystem change using human presence as a proxy. Its aims are fourfold: to reconstruct and quantify historical human presence, to ascertain if human presence is a suitable indicator of long-term anthropogenic pressure, to deduce trends in anthropogenic pressure on five selected species of game animal, and to postulate trends in their subpopulation sizes. Published sources give rise to 57 datasets dealing with the annual voyages to Svalbard as well as the participants in them. All known archaeological sites are visualised in a distribution map. Despite the large amount of data, the quantification of historical human presence remains biased and partial. Only with the aid of a timeline of known milestones is it possible to make hypotheses about changes in anthropogenic pressure and animal subpopulations over time. The exercise is nonetheless a necessary and instructive one: it confirms that the erroneous view of Svalbard as a pristine ecosystem hinders timely historical-ecological research. Future work must aim at the systematic quantification of past human impact in a holistic approach to environmental conservation and restoration.

Download Full-text

Conceptual foundations of legal support for engineering in Arctic studies of climatic changes

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202127001023 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 270 ◽

pp. 01023

Author(s):

Nikolay Makhonko ◽

Sergey Belousov ◽

Elena Tarasova

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Scientific Research ◽

Legal Regulation ◽

Climatic Changes ◽

Ecological Systems ◽

The Arctic ◽

Significant Information ◽

Technological Support ◽

Conceptual Foundations

The article is devoted to the problems of the development of the Arctic as a territory of international cooperation, taking into account the national interests of individual states. The specificity of geopolitical, social, economic, and climatic conditions determines the need to develop conceptual foundations of legal support for the implementation of environmental engineering processes at the development of the Arctic and research on climatic changes of the region. The article analyzes the main strategic and legal documents regulating the implementation activities in relation to the technical and technological support in the question of the development of the Arctic territories and the preservation of climatic stability. The options for creating an adequate system of convergence of national and international legal regulation in the field of determining anthropogenic pollutants and fixing key indicators of the state of the Arctic environment are detailized and characterized. The scientific substantiation of the causes and consequences of climate change in the Arctic ecological systems is given. The advantages of scientific research with the use of modern engineering and digitalization methods, as well as the usage of information and communication technologies for the prompt exchange of environmentally significant information, are revealed. It is noted that thе most topical issues, the national strategies for the development of the Arctic zones of the Russian Federation, Denmark, Norway, and Canada are of a similar nature. They have common approaches to the preservation of vulnerable Arctic ecological systems and the conceptual foundations of legal support for engineering in Arctic scientific research in the field of climate change and conservation.

Download Full-text

ARCTIC TOURISM: STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR RUSSIA

GEOGRAPHY ENVIRONMENT SUSTAINABILITY ◽

10.24057/2071-9388-2018-11-4-05-13 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 5-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuriy N. Golubchikov ◽

Victor I. Kruzhalin ◽

Aleksandra D. Nikanorova

Keyword(s):

Oil And Gas ◽

Arctic Region ◽

Oil And Gas Industry ◽

The Arctic ◽

Arctic Ecosystems ◽

Gas Industry ◽

Human Presence ◽

Key Factor ◽

Travel Industry ◽

The Arctic Region

Tourism is the key factor of human presence in the Arctic region. The number of tourist visits has been growing extensively since the end of XX century. The Arctic region is not regarded only as prospective region for oil and gas industry but now it is also recognized as the region with high potential for tourism development. The research is dedicated to the assessment of the spatial distribution of human presence within the Arctic region on the basis of statistical analysis of population and tourist visits in different parts of the Arctic. Taking into account the uncertainty of regional Arctic borders definition, which are commonly determined in accordance with given purposes and tasks, we assessed the population and tourist visits for the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation as administrative union as well as for the Arctic region as physic-geographical region.The growing number of tourists in the Arctic region influences future development prospects of the region. In 2017 the Arctic region with population of 4.3 million people was visited by 10.2 million tourist. While the favorable environmental conditions of Arctic ecosystems exist, the Arctic region should be considered as the source of nature resources for tourism and various recreational activities. Modern technologies enable the development of travel industry in the region, and therefore the industrial paradigm of “conquer” and “utilization” should be replaced with the axiological paradigm of “Arctic beauty” and recreational resource value.

Download Full-text