A simple method for eliminating strain on aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass grafts: The suspension of the right atrial appendage and plication of the right atrium

The right atrioventricular valve (RAV) is an important anatomical structure that prevents blood backflow from the right ventricle to the right atrium. The complex anatomy of the RAV has lowered the success rate of surgical and transcatheter procedures performed within the area. The aim of this study was to describe the morphology of the RAV and determine its spatial position in relation to selected structures of the right atrium. We examined 200 randomly selected human adult hearts. All leaflets and commissures were identified and measured. The position of the RAV was defined. Notably, 3-leaflet configurations were present in 67.0% of cases, whereas 4-leaflet configurations were present in 33.0%. Septal and mural leaflets were both significantly shorter and higher in 4-leaflet than in 3-leaflet RAVs. Significant domination of the muro-septal commissure in 3-leflet valves was noted. The supero-septal commissure was the most stable point within RAV circumference. In 3-leaflet valves, the muro-septal commissure was placed within the cavo-tricuspid isthmus area in 52.2% of cases, followed by the right atrial appendage vestibule region (20.9%). In 4-leaflet RAVs, the infero-septal commissure was located predominantly in the cavo-tricuspid isthmus area and infero-mural commissure was always located within the right atrial appendage vestibule region. The RAV is a highly variable structure. The supero-septal part of the RAV is the least variable component, whereas the infero-mural is the most variable. The number of detected RAV leaflets significantly influences the relative position of individual valve components in relation to right atrial structures.

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Sensing and pacing with floating electrodes in the right atrium and right atrial appendage

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/s0735-1097(87)80380-7 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 308-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

André E. Aubert ◽

Bruce N. Goldreyer ◽

Milford G. Wyman ◽

Hugo Ector ◽

Bart G. Denys ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Right Atrium ◽

Atrial Appendage ◽

Right Atrial ◽

Right Atrial Appendage ◽

The Right

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Prominent Eustachian Valve Mimicking Thrombus in Right Atrium Diagnosed with Computed Tomography in a Patient with Atrial Fibrillation

Radiology and Medical Diagnostic Imaging ◽

10.31487/j.rdi.2020.02.02 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Ibrahim SARI ◽

Gülsüm Bingöl ◽

Ibrahim SARI ◽

Muharrem Nasıfov ◽

Özge Özden Tok ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Right Atrium ◽

Left Atrial Appendage ◽

Thrombus Formation ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Atrial Appendage ◽

Right Atrial ◽

Eustachian Valve ◽

Right Atrial Appendage ◽

The Right

A 51-year-old man presented with paroxsysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Transthoracic echocardiography revealed mass of 2.3x0.6 cm adjacent to the superior part of the right atrium (RA) compatible with thrombus. Although thrombus formation in the setting of AF is more common in left atrial appendage and left atrium it can also be seen in right atrial appendage and RA. We performed cardiac computerized tomography (CCT) in order to clarify the nature of mass in RA and exclude coronary stenosis. CCT showed prominent eustachian valve measuring 3.2 cm which was not clear on echocardiography. This case underscores the importance of complementary cardiovascular imaging to facilitate the correct diagnosis.

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Evidence of nonuniform sympathetic neural activity to heart regions in guinea pigs

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1979.237.5.h606 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 237 (5) ◽

pp. H606-H611 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. G. Schmid ◽

R. H. Dykstra ◽

H. E. Mayer ◽

R. P. Oda ◽

J. J. Donnell

Keyword(s):

Neural Activity ◽

Right Atrium ◽

Atrial Appendage ◽

Right Atrial ◽

Guinea Pig Heart ◽

Sa Node ◽

Norepinephrine Turnover ◽

Cardiac Regulation ◽

Right Atrial Appendage ◽

The Right

Central neutral activity may selectively influence cardiac regions. As an index of this, rate constants of norepinephrine turnover, KNE, in regions of guinea pig heart were determined by 1) disappearance of [3H]NE from tissues, and 2) conversion of [3H]tyrosine to [3H]NE. In sinoatrial (SA) node and right atrial appendage, KNE averaged 0.084 +/- 0.014 and 0.066 +/- 0.004 (SE) h-1, respectively (P greater than 0.05). In other specialized regions, KNE was lower than in SA node (P less than 0.05). In other contractile regions, KNE was lower than in right atrial appendage (P less than 0.05). Ganglionic blockade reduced KNE to uniform values in all heart regions. Cold stress increased KNE markedly (P less than 0.05) throughout the heart, but selectively more in SA node, AV node, proximal conduction bundles, and right atrial appendage (P less than 0.05). At room temperature, neural activity is greater to the right atrium including SA node than to other cardiac regions. At 4 degrees C, neural activity increases selectively in the right atrium and the conduction system. This suggests that central neural mechanisms contribute significantly to nonuniform cardiac regulation under conditions of progressive sympathetic activation.

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