scholarly journals A Statistical Portrait of Inuit with a Focus on Increasing Urbanization: Implications for Policy and Further Research

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Morris
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
Employment Education ◽  
Culture And Language

Over a quarter of Inuit in Canada now live outside Inuit Nunangat (Inuit traditional lands). Many have migrated to large Canadian urban centres such as Edmonton, Winnipeg, Ottawa, and Montreal. This article pieces together data from the Census, National Household Survey, Aboriginal People’s Survey, and General Social Survey on Victimization to create a statistical profile of today’s Inuit in terms of income, employment, education, health, housing, crime and safety, and culture and language, and the context in which these data should be read. The article discusses the implications of the increasing urbanization of Inuit for policy and research, and concludes that support for innovative Inuit services in urban areas is necessary. 

scholarly journals Who engages in the arts in the United States? A comparison of several types of engagement using data from The General Social Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica K. Bone ◽  
Feifei Bu ◽  
Meg E. Fluharty ◽  
Elise Paul ◽  
Jill K. Sonke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Classical Music ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Gradient ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Us ◽  
Arts Engagement

Abstract Background Engaging in the arts is a health-related behavior that may be influenced by social inequalities. While it is generally accepted that there is a social gradient in traditional arts and cultural activities, such as attending classical music performances and museums, previous studies of arts engagement in the US have not adequately investigated whether similar demographic and socioeconomic factors are related to other forms of arts engagement. Methods Using cross-sectional data from the General Social Survey (GSS) in the US, we examined which demographic, socioeconomic, residential, and health factors were associated with attendance at arts events, participation in arts activities, membership of creative groups, and being interested in (but not attending) arts events. We combined data from 1993 to 2016 in four analytical samples with a sample size of 8684 for arts events, 4372 for arts activities, 4268 for creative groups, and 2061 for interested non-attendees. Data were analysed using logistic regression. Results More education was associated with increased levels of all types of arts engagement. Parental education demonstrated a similar association. Being female, compared to male, was also consistently associated with higher levels of engagement. Attendance at arts events was lower in participants with lower income and social class, poorer health, and those living in less urban areas. However, these factors were not associated with participation in arts activities or creative groups or being an interested non-attendee. Conclusions Overall, we found evidence for a social gradient in attendance at arts events, which was not as pronounced in participation in arts activities or creative groups or interest in arts events. Given the many benefits of engagement in the arts for education, health, and wider welfare, our findings demonstrate the importance of identifying factors to reduce barriers to participation in the arts across all groups in society.

scholarly journals Retornos heterogéneos a la Educación en el Mercado laboral Peruano, 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Arpi-Mayta ◽  
Luis Arpi-Quilca
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Returns To Education ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Labor Income ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Politica Educativa

<p>El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los retornos a la educación en el mercado laboral peruano durante el año 2015; según grupo étnico, área de residencia, sexo y categoría ocupacional de las personas; en forma específica se determina el efecto de la inversión en educación y la experiencia laboral sobre el ingreso laboral por hora. Los datos provienen de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares del Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática y se estima la ecuación de ingresos de (Mincer, 1974) ampliada, utilizando la propuesta de (Heckman J. , 1979) en dos etapas bajo el marco teórico de (Becker, 1975). Sujeto a las limitaciones de datos y métodos utilizados, se concluye que el ingreso laboral de los peruanos aumenta 10,43% por año adicional de educación, aunque esto es diferenciado; tal es el caso, que el ingreso laboral por hora de los residentes del área urbana se incrementa 13,6% por año adicional de educación en relación a los del área rural (5,89%); los trabajadores asalariados perciben mayor ingreso (14,16%) que los trabajadores independientes (6,07%); los indígenas (8,32%) menos que los no indígenas (10,58%); y los las mujeres (10,62%) menos que las hombres (11,84%). La política educativa y laboral recomendada sería que se apliquen medidas de discriminación (positiva) a favor de las personas que se encuentren en el área rural, a los que trabajan en forma independiente, a los indígenas y a las mujeres.</p><p align="center"> </p><p align="center"> </p><p align="center">ABSTRACT</p><p align="center"> </p><p>The aim of the study was to determine the returns to education in the Peruvian labor market during 2015; by ethnic group, area of residence, sex and occupational category of people; specifically we determined the effect of investment in education and work experience on hourly labor income. The data come from the National Household Survey of the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics and the earnings equation (Mincer, 1974) extended (1974) is estimated using the proposed (Heckman J. , 1979) in two stages under the theoretical framework of (Becker, 1975). Subject to the limitations of data and methods used, it is concluded that the Peruvian labor income increases 10,43% per additional year of education, although this is differentiated; such is the case, the hourly labor income of residents in urban areas increased 13,6% per additional year of education in relation to rural areas (5.89%); salaried workers receive higher income (14.16%) than the self-employed (6.07%); indigenous (8.32%) less than non-indigenous (10.58%); and women (10.62%) less than men (11.84%). The educational and employment policy recommended would be that discrimination measures (positive) been applied for people who are in rural areas, who work independently, indigenous and women.</p><p><br /> <strong>KEYWORDS:</strong> Returns to education, employment income, investment in education,</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Who engages in the arts in the United States? A comparison of three types of engagement using data from the General Social Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Katherine Bone ◽  
Feifei Bu ◽  
Meg Fluharty ◽  
Elise Paul ◽  
Jill Sonke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Gradient ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Us ◽  
Arts Engagement

Engaging in the arts is a health-related behavior that may be influenced by social inequalities. While it is generally accepted that there is a social gradient in arts participation, previous studies of arts engagement in the US have not used comprehensive measures of engagement and often focus on single demographic or socioeconomic predictors of engagement rather than simultaneously testing a range of factors that may be related to one another. Using cross-sectional data from the General Social Survey (GSS) in the US, we examined which demographic, socioeconomic, residential, and health factors were associated with attendance at arts events, participation in arts activities, and membership of creative groups. We combined data from 1993 to 2016 in three analytical samples with a sample size of 8,684 for arts events, 4,372 for arts activities, and 4,268 for creative groups. Data were analysed using logistic regression. More education was associated with increased levels of all types of arts engagement. Parental education demonstrated a similar association. Being female, compared to male, was also consistently associated with higher levels of engagement. Attendance at arts events was lower in participants with lower income and social class, poorer health, and those living in less urban areas. However, these factors were not associated with engagement in arts activities or creative groups. Overall, we found evidence for a social gradient in attendance at arts events, which was not as pronounced in engagement in arts activities or creative groups. Given the many benefits of engagement in the arts for education, health, and wider welfare, our findings demonstrate the importance of identifying factors to reduce barriers to participation in the arts across all groups in society.

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