Abstract
The International Arbitration Acts of the UK, Australia, Singapore, and Hong Kong recognize that third persons who are non-signatories to an arbitration agreement but who are ‘claiming through or under’ a party to the arbitration agreement have the status of a party.1 In the UK and Singapore that status means not only that court proceedings involving such non-signatories may be stayed in favour of arbitration but it also binds them to an award. In Hong Kong that status binds non-signatories to an award. In Australia, that status affects whether court proceedings involving non-signatories are stayed in favour of arbitration. A recent judgment by a majority of Australia’s highest appeal court, the High Court of Australia, in Rinehart v Hancock Prospecting Pty Ltd2 has taken a different approach to that prevailing in England as to the range of persons who are capable of ‘claiming through or under’ a party to the arbitration agreement, thereby significantly expanding the range of disputes involving non-signatories that must be referred to arbitration.3 The issue has not arisen for determination before appellate courts in Singapore or Hong Kong. Rinehart therefore represents an important development in common law jurisdictions, compelling arbitration between a signatory and non-signatory to an arbitration agreement.