scholarly journals In vitro anther culture as efficiently applied technique for doubled haploid production of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
Osama Kanbar ◽  
Csaba Lantos ◽  
Janos Pauk
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Haploid Production

In vitro anther culture is the most commonly-used technology for doubled haploid production in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and various cereals. The technology application allows the genetic attainment of homozygous pure lines from heterozygous breeding material in a single generation, and has become a rapid alternative to the conventional breeding methods. This technology also contributes to more accurately assess QTL × environmental interactions and has been applied in: genetic researches for marker-trait association study, genomics and as a target for transformation, genetic engineering, gene mapping, and mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs). This paper reviews the most important factors that limit the efficiency of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) anther culture, such as genotype dependency and albinism, in addition to other affecting factors including the collection time of tillers and physiological growth environments of plants. Factors that improve the efficiency of wheat anther culture in mitigating both genotypic dependency and albinism have been included in this review, too, for example, genetic improvements by following a strategy to realize this purpose through using responsive breeding material for crossing, application of convenient stress pre-treatments (cold pre-treatments, heat shock treatment, colchicine, hormones, and chemicals) to induce androgenesis, and improvement of the composition of anther culture media and culture conditions. We have also highlighted the methods of chromosome doubling for the haploid wheat produced by anther culture androgenesis, such as spontaneous chromosome doubling or use of colchicine and anti-mitotic chemicals at an early stage of anther culture or as root immersion treatment.

scholarly journals Generation of doubled haploid lines from winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding material using in vitro anther culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 150-158
Author(s):  
Osama Zuhair Kanbar ◽  
Csaba Lantos ◽  
Paul Karumba Chege ◽  
Erzsébet Kiss ◽  
János Pauk
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Doubled Haploid Lines ◽  
Dh Lines

We investigated the anther culture (AC) efficiency of thirteen F<sub>4</sub> combinations of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The genotype dependency was assessed during the induction of the androgenic entities, i.e. embryo-like structures (ELS), regenerated-, green-, albino-, and transplanted plantlets. The number of green plantlets per 100 anthers (GP/100A) varied from 0.36 to 24.74 GP/100A with a mean of 8.31 GP/100A. Albino plantlets (AP) occurred in each combination, ranging from 0.20 to 22.80 AP/100A with an average value of 5.59 AP/100A. Between 25–87.76 doubled haploid (DH) plants per 100 acclimatised plantlets (DH/100ADP), depending on the combination, with a mean of 59.74% were recovered. We have found the highest DH production in the combinations Béres/Midas, Kalász/Tacitus, Béres/Pamier, and Premio/5009. This improves remarkably the choice of basic genetic material in subsequent crossing programmes. These observations emphasise the usability and efficiency of in vitro AC in producing a large number of DH lines for breeding and the applied researches of winter wheat. Although albinism was found in each combination, it was mitigated by the in vitro AC application.

HAPLOID PLANTS (2n = 21) FROM in vitro ANTHER CULTURE OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris L. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Haploid Plants

Nine haploids (2n = 21) of Triticum aestivum L. (cv. Pitic–62) were obtained by in vitro anther culture, utilizing the medium described by Ouyang et al. (1973).

scholarly journals Efficiency of anther culture technique in the production of wheat double haploids

2008 ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankica Kondic-Spika ◽  
Borislav Kobiljski ◽  
Nikola Hristov
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Green Plants ◽  
Double Haploids

The objective of the study was to investigate efficiency of anther culture in the production of spontaneous double haploids from randomly selected heterozygous genotypes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Anthers of 20 F1 wheat combinations were grown in vitro on a modified Potato-2 medium. All of the examined genotypes have shown the ability to produce pollen calluses as well as to regenerate green plants. On average for the whole experiment material, 47.2 calluses were produced per 100 cultured anthers. The green plant regeneration ranged from 0.8 to 13.4 green plants per spike, with an overall mean of 5.8. From the total of 582 regenerated green plants, 47.9% (279) were spontaneous double haploids. The final average yield from the study was 2.8 double haploids per spike.

scholarly journals Production of doubled haploid wheat lines (Triticum aestivum L.) using anther culture technique

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. El-Hennawy ◽  
A.F. Abdalla ◽  
S.A. Shafey ◽  
I.M. Al-Ashkar
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Wheat Lines

Chromosome doubling and aneuploidy in anther-derived plants from two winter wheat lines

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Metz ◽  
H. C. Sharma ◽  
T. A. Armstrong ◽  
P. N. Mascia
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration ◽  
Vernalization Requirement ◽  
Diploid Plant ◽  
Wheat Lines

Anther-derived, doubled haploid populations were obtained from two hard red winter wheats, 'Centurk' and NB88. Spontaneous doubling frequency, efficiency of colchicine treatment, and vernalization requirement were evaluated within each population. In cytological evaluation among the regenerates, haploids, diploids, haploid aneuploids, and diploid aneuploids were observed. Most regenerates were either haploid or diploid. The frequency of anthers producing at least one haploid, diploid, or aneuploid was the same for both genotypes. The regenerates from the same anther had the same ploidy level 83 % of the time, suggesting the callus was usually derived from one microspore. Over 60% of the anthers produced at least one diploid plant. The high frequency of spontaneous doubling suggests that chromosome doubling by colchicine treatment could be eliminated. Ninety-eight percent of the colchicine-treated 'Centurk' plants produced seed, while only 43% of the NB88 colchicine-treated plants produced seed. Anther culture did not replace the vernalization requirement. Vernalization was required for uniform flowering. Results indicate that it is feasible to use 'Centurk', NB88, and other genotypes with high callus induction, plantlet regeneration, and colchicine response to efficiently produce doubled haploids.Key words: wheat, Triticum aestivum L., anther culture, doubled haploid, chromosome doubling, aneuploidy, vernalization.

scholarly journals Response of some Tunisian bread wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) to anther culture system

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ali Ltifi ◽  
◽  
nissa Sahli ◽  
Wejden Brahmi ◽  
Insaf Nefzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
In Vitro Androgenesis ◽  
Good Number

This study focusedon wheat haploid production by anther culture. The main purpose wasto compare the in vitro androgenesis response often wheat Tunisian bread wheat varieties on two different induction media. The anthers were introduced in vitro when microspores were in the middle uninucleate stage and obtainedfrom treated spikes at 4° C for two weeks. The culture media 190-2 and BAC3 were used. Plants regenerated from induced embryos and calli were grown on the 190-2 medium without any growth regulators. The response to anther culture was different between the studied varieties. Androgenesis induction was better on the 190-2 medium than on BAC3 medium. In addition, the development of calli and the regeneration of embryos were better on 190-2 medium than on BAC3. Both green plantlets and albina were regenerated from induced embryos on the 190-2 medium, while no green plant regenerated from the embryos growingon BAC3 medium. Four varieties over ten studied gave good number of green plants. These results indicatedthat 190-2 medium was most favorable for the in vitro androgenesis of the Tunisian bread wheat varieties.

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