Non-Euclidean Geometry
About 2200 years ago there was published in Greek one of the most remarkable books of all times, Euclid's “Elements of Geometry”. It contains a systematic exposition of the leading propositions of elementary geometry and the elementary theory of numbers. It was at once adopted by the Greeks as the standard text book on pure mathematics. The parts that relate to elementary geometry were the standard text book for centuries and are still in use in England to-day. The English school boy does not say “Geometry”, he says “Euclid”. On the Continent of Europe “Euclid” was superseded by Legendre's “Elements of Geometry”, the first edition of which was published in 1794. A translation into English by a man named Davies was widely used in this country. (It was used at Columbia University as late as 1905). But that has been superseded by more modern American texts of which there is now a large number.