Sex Determination Through Mastoid Process among South Indian Skulls by Heron's Formula

Purpose. The structural integrity of foramen magnum is usually preserved in fire accidents and explosions due to its resistant nature and secluded anatomical position and this study attempts to determine its sexing potential. Methods. The sagittal and transverse diameters and area of foramen magnum of seventy-two skulls (41 male and 31 female) from south Indian population were measured. The analysis was done using Student’s t-test, linear correlation, histogram, Q-Q plot, and Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) to obtain a model for sex determination. The predicted probabilities of BLR were analysed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Result. BLR analysis and ROC curve revealed that the predictability of the dimensions in sexing the crania was 69.6% for sagittal diameter, 66.4% for transverse diameter, and 70.3% for area of foramen. Conclusion. The sexual dimorphism of foramen magnum dimensions is established. However, due to considerable overlapping of male and female values, it is unwise to singularly rely on the foramen measurements. However, considering the high sex predictability percentage of its dimensions in the present study and the studies preceding it, the foramen measurements can be used to supplement other sexing evidence available so as to precisely ascertain the sex of the skeleton.

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Sex determination using mastoid process measurements: standards for Japanese human skeletons of the medieval and early modern periods

Anthropological Science ◽

10.1537/ase.070605 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 116 (2) ◽

pp. 105-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

TOMOHITO NAGAOKA ◽

AKIO SHIZUSHIMA ◽

JUNMEI SAWADA ◽

SOICHIRO TOMO ◽

KEIGO HOSHINO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Determination ◽

Early Modern ◽

Mastoid Process ◽

Process Measurements

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VALIDATION METRICS OF THE MASTOID TRIANGLE

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1703652 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 03 (02) ◽

pp. 044-045

Author(s):

Bhagya B. ◽

Hema N. ◽

Ramakrishna A.

Keyword(s):

Sex Identification ◽

Mastoid Process ◽

P Values ◽

Validation Metrics ◽

Males And Females ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right ◽

Heron’S Formula

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to validate the technique developed by Paiva and Segre for sex identification using the mastoid process. Total mastoid area is calculated by adding the right and left triangular areas defined by three distinct craniometric points: the Asterion, Porion and the Mastoidale. Eight skulls (40 males and 40 females) were analysed and total area calculated using Heron's formula. The mean total area of the male skulls is higher compared to females (1461.06 mm2 vs 1222.79 mm2). Independent t-tests reveal that there are significant differences between males and females, with p-values less than 0.0001.

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Sex determination by osteometric assessment of the mastoid process using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2021.v24i1.2075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Salemi ◽

Maryam Farhadian ◽

Abbas Shokri ◽

Yaser Safi ◽

Shahin Rahimpanah

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Sex Determination ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Function Analysis ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Good Method ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Mastoid Process ◽

Discriminant Model ◽

The Right

Objective: Sex determination is one of the most important parameters to identify in forensic science. Because the mastoid process is the most resistant to damage due to its position in the skull base, it can be used for sex determination. The purpose of this study was to measure the dimensions and convexity and internal angles of the mastoid process to present a model of sex determination in Iranian population. Material and methods: This study was performed on three-dimensional images of 190 Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) of 105 women and 85 men. On each CBCT the distance between the porion and the mastoid (PM), mastoid length (ML), the distance between the mastoidale and the mastoid incision (M-I), the mastoid height (MH), the mastoid width (MW), intermastoidale distance (IMD) the lateral surfaces of the left and right mastoids (IMLSD) and the Mastoid medial convergence angle (MMCA) was measured on both the right and the left. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, and discriminant function analysis. Results: Significant differences were found for all variables except MMCA and MF in both sex. All measured variables except MW were greater for men than women. The discriminant model achieved a total accuracy of 93.7%. Among the measured factors IMD and IMSLD had the most influence on sex determination. Conclusion: Measuring the dimensions of the mastoid process is a very good method for sex determination with high accuracy of 90%. KEYWORDS Discriminant model; Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT); Sex determination; Mastoid process.

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