scholarly journals VALIDATION METRICS OF THE MASTOID TRIANGLE

2013 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 044-045
Author(s):  
Bhagya B. ◽  
Hema N. ◽  
Ramakrishna A.
Keyword(s):  
Sex Identification ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
P Values ◽  
Validation Metrics ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Heron’S Formula

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to validate the technique developed by Paiva and Segre for sex identification using the mastoid process. Total mastoid area is calculated by adding the right and left triangular areas defined by three distinct craniometric points: the Asterion, Porion and the Mastoidale. Eight skulls (40 males and 40 females) were analysed and total area calculated using Heron's formula. The mean total area of the male skulls is higher compared to females (1461.06 mm2 vs 1222.79 mm2). Independent t-tests reveal that there are significant differences between males and females, with p-values less than 0.0001.

The Lateral Tongue Reflex in Human Neonates

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 331-337
Author(s):  
Gary D. Derkson ◽  
Frank A. Catalanotto
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
Perinatal Factors ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Human Neonates ◽  
Normal Neonates ◽  
Stimulation Of

We undertook an investigation of the lateral tongue reflex to determine whether reflex sensitivity was systematically related to selected perinatal factors. The subjects were 24 male and 27 female newborns with a mean age of 28.9 hr. ( SD = 16.8, range 5–72 hr.). The lateral tongue reflex was elicited by applying tactile stimulation of varying intensity to the lateral edge of the tongue approximately 1 cm off midline. Eight different stimuli from the Semmes-Weinstein esthesiometer were used; forces ranged from 68 mg to 3.6 gm. A total of 32 stimulations were given in two repetitions of 16 each (8 on the right side and 8 on the left side). The mean number of positive responses was 19.9 ( SD = 3.2, range 13–25), with a 5% response at the lowest level of stimulation and a 100% response at the highest level. There were no differences in total number of positive responses or thresholds on the right and left sides, or in Repetitions I and II. There were no differences between males and females, vaginally and caesarian delivered infants, or resuscitated and non-resuscitated infants. No systematic differences were observed as a function of length of labor, obstetric medications, postnatal age at time of testing, Apgar scores, birth weight, or gestational age. The results suggest that the lateral tongue reflex is a stable and reproducible response that could be used to measure oral sensation, both in normal neonates and in subjects with various anatomical and/or neurosensory deficits.

scholarly journals Femoral Head Diameters and Sex Differentiation in the Northern Zone (Rajshahi) of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Akhtari Afroze ◽  
M Durrul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Sex Identification ◽  
Statistical Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Northern Zone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Present Area

This study was aimed to find out the variations of the femoral head diameters in relation to sex in Bangladeshi people. The study was based on 123 paired human femurs (radiological view) of which 52 were male and 71were female. It was observed that the mean vertical and transverse diameters of the head of the male femur were significantly greater than that of female (P<0.001).No statistical significant difference was present between the measurement of the right and left side of the same sixth identification points that were derived from the vertical and transverse diameters of the head of the femur were higher in males than in females. The results showed that diameters of the femoral head as well as the identification points that are derived from them are of use in sex identification. The present study is of value to the forensic experts, orthopaedicians and prosthetists as it gives the idea about the dimensions of the femoral head in the present area.   doi: 10.3329/taj.v18i2.3172 TAJ 2005; 18(2): 84-88

scholarly journals DISTINGUISHING LOYALTY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION OF XIAOMI SMARTPHONE IN YOUNG WORKERS SIDOARJO

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Moh Wahib ◽  
Hendra Dwi Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Market Trends ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Customer Satisfaction And Loyalty

Photographing activities become the most activities carried out by customers and uploaded to social media in Indonesia and even in the world. Taking pictures of yourself or objects is a part of community life in Sidoarjo. In addition to following the right market trends, for companies to maintain customer satisfaction and loyalty. Satisfaction of the product will affect the customer in taking the next attitude. The customer is satisfied with a repeat purchase and will say good things about the product. Research conducted in the form of case studies on XIAOMI Smartphone users in Sidoarjo. This research is an in-depth study of one case or one unit and the conclusions in this study only apply to the case in question, so it cannot be used in other cases. The results in this study that there are differences in the level of customer satisfaction and loyalty of XIAOMI smartphone users by sex. Independent Samples t-test showed significant differences in customer satisfaction in males and females and showed significant differences in customer loyalty in males and females. The mean value indicates that female customer satisfaction and loyalty is higher than male customers.

scholarly journals Sonographic Evaluation of Liver Dimensions among Apparently Healthy Adult Subjects in Kano Metropolis

2021 ◽  
pp. 3857-3863
Author(s):  
Ghali Makoda Sani
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Liver Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The ability to ascertain the human liver by a sonographer allows for the diagnosis of various liver pathologies, establishing normal liver size aids in determining the treatment method for the underlying liver pathology. The study was aimed at evaluating normal liver size among apparently healthy adult subjects and to establish a reference value in Kano Metropolis. The study design was prospective and cross-sectional conducted in Kano Metropolis from June 2019 to September 2019. Using simple random sampling, a total of 384 subjects were recruited in the study. An EDAN ultrasound machine with a 3.5MHz curvilinear probe was used as the instrument for data collection. Age, height, weight, BMI and BSA were recorded on a data capture sheet. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 23.0. The mean (±SD) for cranio-caudal dimension of the right lobe was found to be 14.99±0.74cm in males and 14.38±0.72cm in females, mean left lobe 5.76±0.85cm in males and 5.39±0.81cm in females. The mean AP diameter of the right lobe was 13.02±1.12cm in males and 12.34±0.95cm in females. Liver dimension in males was greater than that of females (p˂0.001). Age and weight show significant moderate correlations with liver dimensions. (r=0.52, p˂0.001 and r=0.44, p˂0.001) in both males and females respectively. In Kano Metropolitan population, liver size was greater in males than females. It correlates significantly with age and weight in both males and females.

scholarly journals Sexing the human skull through the mastoid process

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Airton Saavedra de Paiva ◽  
Marco Segre
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Human Skull ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
The Right

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the significance for sex determination of the measurement of the area formed by the xerographic projection of 3 craniometric points related to the mastoid process: the porion, asterion, and mastoidale points. METHOD: Sixty skulls, 30 male and 30 female, were analyzed. A xerographic copy of each side of the skull was obtained. On each xerographic copy, the craniometric points were marked to demarcate a triangle. The area (mm²) of the demarcated triangle for each side of the skull (right (D) and left (E) sides) was determined, and the total value of these measures (T) was calculated. RESULTS: Concerning the right area of the male and female skulls, 60% of the values overlapped; for the left area, 51.67% overlapped, and for the total area, 36.67% overlapped. The analysis of the differences between the sexes in the areas studied was significant for the 3 areas. Regarding the total area, which is the preferred measurement because of the asymmetry between the sides of the skull, the value of the mean was 1505.32 mm² for male skulls, which was greater than the maximum value obtained in the female skulls. The value of the mean for female skulls was 1221.24 mm², less than the minimum value obtained for the male skulls. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a significant result in the 3 studied areas, (D), (E), and (T). The total area values show less overlapping of values between the sexes, and therefore can be used for sexing human skulls. For the population studied, values of the total area that were greater than or equal to 1447.40 mm² belonged to male crania (95% confidence). Values for this area that were less than or equal to 1260.36 mm² belonged to female crania (95% confidence).

scholarly journals Local Reference Ranges of Thyroid Volume in Sudanese Normal Subjects Using Ultrasound

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Yousef ◽  
Abdelmoneim Sulieman ◽  
Bushra Ahmed ◽  
Alsafi Abdella ◽  
Khaled Eltom
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Thyroid Lobe ◽  
Local Reference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

This study aimed to establish a local reference of thyroid volume in Sudanese normal subjects using ultrasound. A total of 103 healthy subjects were studied, 28 (27.18%) females and 75 (72.82%) males. Thyroid volume was estimated usingellipsoid formula. The mean age and range of the subjects was 21.8 (19–29) years; the mean body mass index (BMI) was 22.3 (16.46–26.07) kg/m2. The overall mean volume ± SD volume of the thyroid gland for both lobes in all the patients studied was 6.44 ± 2.44 mL. The mean volume for both lobes in females and males were 5.78 ± 1.96 mL and 6.69 ± 2.56 mL, respectively. The males' thyroid volume was greater than the females'. The mean volume of the right and left lobes of the thyroid gland in males and females were 3.38 ± 1.37 mL and 3.09 ± 1.24 mL, respectively. The right thyroid lobe volume was greater than the left. The values obtained in this study were lower than those reported from previous studies.

scholarly journals Dogmatism and Emotional stability for a sample of Taif University students: الجمود الفكري والاتزان الانفعالي لدى عينة من طلاب جامعة الطائف

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Riad El-biomy
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Good Education ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Right

  The present research aims to identify the level of dogmatism and emotional stability for a sample of Taif University students. The research sample consisted of (190) male and female students. Aged between 19 and 21 years. To test hypotheses, the researcher used: The measure of dogmatism, the researcher's preparation, and the measure of emotional stability, prepared by the researcher. Was used SPSS check about hypothesis results. The results indicated that there are statistically significant differences between males and females in dogmatism in favor of females. There were a statistically significant differences between males and females in emotional stability in favor of males. There were a statistically significant correlation between dogmatism and emotional stability with a correlation coefficient-0.283, Level of significance at 0.01, And this is indicating a negative correlation between dogmatism and emotional stability. There were a percentage of the prevalence of dogmatism in students above the mean degree of the scale and this is a course that affects them negatively in terms of emotional stability, although the degree of students in the emotional stability is higher than the mean degree of the scale. Therefore, the method of thinking has an effective role in determining the degree of emotional stability and mental health in general and this requires more training and good education on the right thinking methods, especially because of the spread of dogmatism among university students.      

scholarly journals ANATOMICAL STUDY OF THE MORPHOMETRY OF THE TIBIAL AND FEMORAL ATTACHMENT SITES OF THE POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT; Estudio anatómico de la morfometría de los sitios de inserción tibial y femoral del ligamento cruzado posterior.

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-150
Author(s):  
Paul Inalegwu Iyaji ◽  
Roger Williams Soames
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Anatomical Reconstruction ◽  
Anatomical Position ◽  
Femoral Attachment ◽  
Attachment Sites ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

, Although later isolated injuries cruciate of the ligament (PCL) are managed through non-operative rehabilitation, reconstruction is becoming ITS anatomic increasingly important. This study Provides Information Regarding the position and variability of Its tibial attachment sites, dimensions of the femoral insertions, Between These Comparing males and females, and Between right and left knees. Thirty one cadaveric knees (15 right, 16 left) from nine female and seven male cadavers ( mean age 77 years) Were Examined. The PCL footprint Which was Identified from the mean length and width of the tibial anterolateral (AL) and posteromedial (PM) 8.7 and 10.9 mm Were bundles, and 7.3 and 13.44mm respectively. The mean length and width of the tibial footprint in males and females 10.2 and 10.3 mm Were, and 7.7 and 11.4 mm for the AL bundle and 8.2 and 14.2 mm and 12.9 mm and 6.7 for the PM bundle respectively. The mean anatomical position of the AL and 51.0% Were PM bundles and 50.0% of the mediolateral diameter of the tibial plateau. The mean lengths and widths of the PCL femoral attachment Were 9.4 mm and 12.8 for the AL bundle and 7.5 and 11.4 mm for the PM bundle, with the AL bundle attachment being Significantly larger (P = 0.034) in evils. No Difference between right and left knees Were Observed . The data presented here will aid in making decisions to Achieve Appropriate anatomic PCL reconstruction., Although isolated lesions of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) are Treated by non-operative rehabilitation, anatomical reconstruction've Become increasingly important. This study Provides information on the position and variability of the binding sites of the tibia, the dimensions of the femoral insertions, Comparing them Between the sexes, and Between the right and left knee. They Were Examined thirty-one (15 right and 16 left knees) of 9 women and 7 dead bodies of males (mean age 77 years). Brand LCP was Identified from the length and width anterolateral and posteromedial (PM) of the tibia (AL) Were the results 8.7 and 10.9 mm, and 7.3 and 13.44mm respectively. The average length and width of the mark of the tibia in the male and female Were 10.2 and 10.3 mm and 7.7 mm and 11.4 for fiber AL, 8.2 and 14.2 mm and 6.7 mm and 12.9 for PM, respectively fiber. The average anatomical position of the tendons AL and PM Were 51.0% and 50.0% of the mediolateral diameter of the tibial plateau. Half lengths and widths of the PCL femoral insertion Were 9.4 and 12.8 mm for the tendon AL and 7.5 and 11.4 mm for the PM tendon, tendon insertion site AL was Significantly higher (P = 0.034) in men. no Difference Between the right and left Knees Were Observed. The data presented here will help in the decision-PCL suitable for anatomical reconstruction decisions. 

scholarly journals Determination of Relationship between Thyroid Gland Volume and Anthropometric Indices

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
A. J. Salaam ◽  
S. M. Danjem ◽  
A. A. Salaam ◽  
H. A. Angba ◽  
P. O. Ibinaiye
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
Thyroid Gland Volume ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Objective: To sonographically determine the thyroid gland volume in normal adults in Jos University Teaching Hospital, as well as how it relates to anthropometric factors. Background: The thyroid gland is one of the largest endocrine glands in the body weighing about 10-25g.  It regulates the rate of metabolism and controls the growth and rate of function of many other systems in the body. These it does, by producing thyroid hormones, principally thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The accurate estimation of the size of the thyroid is very important for the evaluation and management of thyroid disorders. Thus, knowing the normal size in a geographic location would form a baseline for detecting abnormalities. Ultrasonography is a cheap, readily available, easy to perform and non-invasive method to image the thyroid gland, hence its use in this resource-limited setting. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of sonographic measurement of thyroid gland volume on 400 normal (healthy) adults in Jos, Plateau State, Northern part of Nigeria. All examinations were performed using LOGIC 5, a real-time ultrasound machine using a 10MHZ linear transducer and ultrasound transmission gel to act as a coupling gel. Measurements of each lobe and isthmus were obtained in longitudinal (length), transverse (width) and depth(breath) in centimetres (cm). Blood samples were taken for thyroid function tests. The weight and heights were obtained. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 17. The results were presented in forms of tables, graphs and chart. Results: The mean thyroid volume for males   6.03 cm3±2.22 was higher than that of females 5.62 cm3±2.14. The mean right lobe volume (RLV) was 3.09 cm3±1.47 and that of males and females were 3.16 cm3 ±1.34 and 3.04 cm3 ±1.55 respectively. The mean left lobe volume (LLV) was 2.69 cm3 ± 1.37 and that of males and females were 2.89 cm3±1.32 and 2.57 cm3±1.39 respectively. The right lobe volume was significantly greater than the left lobe(p=0.000). The total mean isthmus volume was 0.27 cm3±0.31. The mean isthmus volume in males 0.3±0.28 is significantly higher than that of females 0.24±0.23 (p=0.025). The BMI increases in females with increasing age. BMI and BSA are higher in males. Conclusion: The volume obtained in this study was slightly lower than those reported by previous studies in Nigerian adults. The right lobe volume was higher than that of the left and the volume was higher in males compared to females. Anthropometric parameters were noted to affect the thyroid volume.

scholarly journals A Morphometric Study of Stylomastoid Foramen with Its Clinical Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddharth Tewari ◽  
Chandni Gupta ◽  
Vikram Palimar
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Nerve Block ◽  
Jugular Foramen ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Anterior Border ◽  
Stylomastoid Foramen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background To prevent damage to the facial nerve while doing surgery and to give facial nerve block by anesthetics near the stylomastoid foramen we should know its distance from the important anatomical landmarks. So, this study aims to study the location of stylomastoid with respect to nearby anatomical landmarks. Materials and Method The study was performed on 58 dry skulls. Measurements of stylomastoid foramen were taken from various anatomical landmarks on both sides of the skull. Data analysis was done by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 19 version. Results The mean distance of the center of the stylomastoid foramen (CSMF) to the tip of the mastoid process was 1.60, 1.57 cm on the right and left side, respectively. The mean distance of CSMF to the upper end of the anterior border of the mastoid process was 1.42, 1.39 cm on the right and left side, respectively. The mean angle between CSMF and tip of the mastoid process was 51.6 degrees, 53.5 degrees on right and left side, respectively. The mean distance of CSMF to the center of jugular foramen was 1.27, 1.26 cm on the right and left side, respectively. The position of the stylomastoid foramen in relation to a transverse line passing through the upper end of the anterior border of both mastoid processes was anterior in 82.7%, 94.8% of cases on the right and left side, respectively. Conclusion These measurements will aid neurosurgeons in doing surgeries near the stylomastoid foramen or anesthetics to give facial nerve block near the foramen.

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