scholarly journals The effect of superphosphate on the wheat yield in New South Wales. By Walter L. Waterhouse ...

1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter L. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
South Wales

Classification of wheat areas and prediction of yields in north-western New South Wales by repetitive Landsat data

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
KW Dawbin ◽  
JC Evans ◽  
MJ Duggin ◽  
EK Leggett
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Radiance Data ◽  
Vegetative Phases

Radiance data collected by Landsat were used to derive wheat production forecasts. Radiance data at three stages of wheat growth in 1976 for the Tamworth region of the New South Wales wheat-belt were analysed by multivariate statistical methods to discriminate between paddocks that had been sown with wheat and those that had not, and to relate radiance to wheat yield. A discriminant function was derived that classified the paddocks, and a regression equation was derived to predict yields of wheat paddocks. Although data were not available for the green vegetative phases of growth, intrinsic testing of classification and yield prediction indicated high accuracy, although extrinsic testing indicated that they were less accurate. Assuming that data are available in future seasons at the vegetative stages, Landsat has a great potential for improving wheat forecasts in Australia.

Seasonal variation in the value of subsoil water to wheat: simulation studies in southern New South Wales

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lilley ◽  
J. A. Kirkegaard
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Subsoil Water ◽  
Mean Annual Rainfall ◽  
South Wales

Water stored deep in the soil profile is valuable to crop yield but its availability and conversion to grain vary with preceding management and seasonal rainfall distribution. We investigated the value of subsoil water to wheat on the Red Kandosol soils in southern New South Wales, Australia, using the APSIM Wheat model, carefully validated for the study area. Simulation treatments over 106 years of historic climate data involved a factorial combination of (1) a preceding crop of either lucerne (Dry treatment) or a low-yielding wheat crop (Wet treatment) and (2) restriction of wheat root depth to either 1.2 or 1.8 m. Root access to the subsoil (1.2–1.8 m) increased wheat yield by an average of 0.6 and 0.3 t/ha for the Wet and Dry treatments, respectively, at Cootamundra (mean annual rainfall 624 mm) and by 0.5 and 0.1 t/ha at Ardlethan (mean annual rainfall 484 mm). The differences were principally related to the frequency with which the subsoil failed to wet up, which occurred in 8% and 39% of years at Cootamundra in Wet and Dry treatments, respectively, but in 21% and 79% of years at Ardlethan. In seasons where water from the subsoil was used, the mean value of the water for grain yield, expressed as marginal water-use efficiency (MWUE), was 30–36 kg/ha.mm at both sites. High MWUE (>60 kg/ha.mm) generally occurred in seasons of above-average rainfall when subsoil water facilitated extra post-anthesis water extraction, including that from upper soil layers, to realise the high yield potential. Low MWUE (<10 kg/ha.mm) occurred when re-translocation of pre-anthesis assimilate to grain in the 1.2 m treatment compensated for reduced subsoil water extraction and no yield difference between 1.2 and 1.8 m treatments was observed. Counter-intuitively, the results suggest that subsoil water will be of more value in higher rainfall environments due to its more frequent occurrence, and in above-average seasons due to more efficient conversion to grain.

Aluminium tolerance and lime increase wheat yield on the acidic soils of central and southern New South Wales

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 523 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Scott ◽  
J. A. Fisher ◽  
B. R. Cullis
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Aluminium Tolerance ◽  
Wagga Wagga ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Lime Application ◽  
Yield Depression

Acidic soils constrain wheat yield in some parts of central and southern New South Wales. This paper describes research designed to evaluate the usefulness of aluminium (Al) tolerance, manganese (Mn) tolerance and the interaction of lime use and Al tolerance in improving wheat yields. Closely related pairs of wheat lines with tolerance and sensitivity of Al and Mn were bred. Carazinho (a Brazilian wheat cultivar) was used as a source of Al tolerance in a backcrossing, recurrent selection program to introduce tolerance into an Egret background (a locally adapted Australian cultivar). Aluminium tolerance was determined using the haematoxylin root tip test and Mn tolerance was determined using a subirrigated gravel bed system. Eight pairs divergent in tolerance of Al were evaluated for their yield on 3 acidic soil types in 5 field experiments. Grain yield increased in Egret-derived lines when Al tolerance from Carazinho was introduced. Yield from the Al-sensitive genotypes (averaged over the 8 pairs) compared with the Al-tolerant genotypes was 0.43 to 0.98 t/ha and 0.88 to 1.38 t/ha respectively on an acid earthy sand in central western New South Wales (Binnaway) in 2 seasons, and 1.08 to 1.96 t/ha and 1.29 to 1.88 t/ha on an acid podsolic soil in southern New South Wales (Borambola). On a moderately acidic red earth site (pH Ca 4.8) at Wagga Wagga, no such advantage accrued to the Al-tolerant group with the average yield for the sensitive and tolerant pairs being 5.00 and 4.78 t/ha, respectively. Manganese tolerance was assessed in only 1 of these experiments (Borambola) using 6 pairs of lines tolerant of Al but with contrasting Mn tolerance. No advantage of Mn tolerance was apparent at this site. At Binnaway the tolerant and sensitive lines responded to lime application with the tolerant lines yielding on average about 0.42 t/ha of grain more than the sensitive lines even when 5 t/ha of lime was applied. At Borambola the tolerant lines yielded 0.59 t/ha of grain more than the sensitive lines when no lime was applied. With lime application this difference in performance disappeared and Al-tolerant and sensitive lines yielded equally. At the Wagga Wagga site, the addition of lime did not affect the yield of the sensitive lines, while the tolerant lines showed a yield depression of 0.32 t/ha of grain with lime application. Three different relationships between lime application and Al tolerance were observed. While 2 relationships fit with our previous understanding, grain yield depression resulting from the combined use of Al tolerance and lime at our least acidic site remains poorly understood.

Time of sowing and wheat yield in northern New South Wales

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (66) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
AD Doyle ◽  
H Marcellos
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Leaf Area Duration

The influence of variation in time of sowing on grain yield in five wheat cultivars has been studied in the North West Slopes of New South Wales over the period 1967 to 1971. Highest grain yields were obtained when wheat was sown at the end of June so as to flower at the end of the first week in October. Reductions in relative grain yield of 5 to 7 per cent were recorded for each week that sowing was delayed after the end of June, or 9 to 13.5 per cent for each week that flowering was delayed after the first week in October. Lower grain yields from late sown crops were associated with lower leaf area duration after flowering which could account for 69 per cent of the variation in grain yield. Lower grain yields in early sown crops were associated with lower ear numbers which could be ascribed in part to the influence of frosts.

Evidence for the involvement of the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei in wheat yield decline in northern New South Wales

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 563 ◽  
Author(s):  
AD Doyle ◽  
RW McLeod ◽  
PTW Wong ◽  
SE Hetherington ◽  
RJ Southwell
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Yield Decline ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Pratylenchus Thornei

Factors responsible for a decline in wheat yields in some paddocks in the Gunnedah (northern New South Wales) area were investigated in a series of field experiments. Yield decline is not apparent on soils cultivated for less than 10 years, and barley and sorghum crops are not affected. Plant nutrition apparently is not a major factor in the decline, because, although there was a small response to zinc application in 1 experiment, wheat yields were not significantly increased by the application of N, P, K, Cu, Mg, B, Mn, Mo or S in a paddock where the yield of wheat was half that of the surrounding barley crop. Fumigation of the soil with methyl bromide increased wheat cv. Timgalen yield by 78% to equal that of barley cv. Clipper in a second experiment. Large numbers of root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei) were associated with unfumigated wheat plots, with smaller numbers present on barley plots. In a third experiment, the grain yields of all of the 9 cereal genotypes tested were increased when sown with 4 kg/ha of aldicarb. The relative yield increase associated with aldicarb showed good correlation with the reputed tolerance of the genotypes to P. thornei. Pratylenchus thornei occurred to a depth of 120 cm. Aldicarb did not affect P. thornei numbers below 15 cm, while methyl bromide controlled P. thornei to depths of 30-90 cm. Aldicarb virtually eliminated P. thornei from the surface 10 cm of soil, but had no effect on the incidence of the fungal diseases common root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana) or crown rot (Fusarium graminearum). Soil fumigation with methyl bromide controlled B. sorokiniana and F. graminearum as well as P. thornei and gave yields 9% higher than did treatment with aldicarb. In another experiment, ethylene dibromide (2.7-10.8 L/ha) had no consistent effect on the yield of wheat or numbers of P. thornei while terbufos (0.6 and 1.2 kg/ha) gave a small reduction in P. thornei numbers and a small increase in yield. These data indicate that P. thornei is at least partially responsible for wheat yield decline in parts of northern New South Wales.

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