Epidemiologic study of hand and upper extremity injuries by power tools

Background Very little information is available regarding the incidence, causative mechanisms, and expected duration of time lost following upper extremity injuries in professional American football players. Hypotheses (1) Upper extremity injuries in professional American football players are a common cause of missed time from practice and game participation. (2) The effect of upper extremity injuries differs as a function of the site involved and the athlete's position. Study Design Descriptive epidemiologic study. Methods A retrospective review of all documented injuries to the elbow, forearm, and wrist sustained by all players in the National Football League over a 10-year period (1996–2005) was performed using the League's injury surveillance database. An injury was considered significant if it resulted in premature cessation of (or absence from) at least 1 practice, game, or training event. The data were analyzed from multiple perspectives, with emphasis on the type of injury, athlete position, and activity at the time of injury. Results There were 859 total injuries over the 10-year period: 58% involved the elbow, 30% involved the wrist, and 12% involved the forearm. Ligamentous injuries were the most common diagnosis in the elbow and wrist, with wrist sprains the most common of all diagnoses. Fractures were the most common injury occurring in the forearm. For all 3 anatomic locations, game injuries were much more common than practice injuries by a factor of 2.8 to 1. Forearm injuries led to a mean of 42 days lost, wrist injuries led to a mean of 27 days lost, and elbow injuries led to an average of 22 days lost. Fractures and dislocations led to the greatest amount of time lost (47 days and 53 days, respectively). Tackling was the activity most often (24%) implicated as causing injuries to the elbow, forearm, and wrist. Offensive and defensive linemen were most commonly injured. Elbow injuries were the most common at these positions, constituting approximately 75% of all injuries. Defensive backs sustained the greatest number of forearm injuries, approximately double the total number at any other position. Conclusion Upper extremity trauma is a significant issue for professional football players. In particular, the high incidence rates of elbow injuries in linemen and forearm injuries in defensive backs warrant further scrutiny.

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Corelational Analysis between the Occupational Competency Assessment and Early Return to Work in Upper Extremity Injuries

Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1329.2017.01015 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Rongzhou ZHONG ◽

Jianing XU ◽

Jian DONG ◽

Xiaoyu SHI ◽

Taoli WANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Return To Work ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Competency Assessment ◽

Early Return ◽

Extremity Injuries

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Upper extremity injuries in the victims of intimate partner violence

European Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00330-020-07672-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Richard Thomas ◽

George S. M. Dyer ◽

Paul Tornetta III ◽

Hyesun Park ◽

Rahul Gujrathi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Extremity Injuries

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Lumbopelvic Control and the Development of Upper Extremity Injury in Professional Baseball Pitchers

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546520988122 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036354652098812

Author(s):

Kevin Laudner ◽

Regan Wong ◽

Daniel Evans ◽

Keith Meister

Keyword(s):

Upper Extremity ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Group Differences ◽

Professional Baseball ◽

Extremity Injury ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Balance Task ◽

Upper Extremity Injury ◽

Baseball Pitchers ◽

Extremity Injuries

Background: The baseball-throwing motion requires a sequential order of motions and forces initiating in the lower limbs and transferring through the trunk and ultimately to the upper extremity. Any disruption in this sequence can increase the forces placed on subsequent segments. No research has examined if baseball pitchers with less lumbopelvic control are more likely to develop upper extremity injury than pitchers with more control. Purpose: To determine if baseball pitchers who sustain a chronic upper extremity injury have less lumbopelvic control before their injury compared with a group of pitchers who do not sustain an injury. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 49 asymptomatic, professional baseball pitchers from a single Major League Baseball organization participated. Lumbopelvic control was measured using an iPod-based digital level secured to a Velcro belt around each player’s waist to measure anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) deviations (degrees) during single-leg balance with movement and static bridge maneuvers. During a competitive season, 22 of these pitchers developed upper extremity injuries, while the remaining 27 sustained no injuries. Separate 2-tailed t-tests were run to determine if there were significant differences in lumbopelvic control between groups ( P < .05). Results: There were no significant between-group differences for the stride leg (nondominant) during the bridge test in either the AP ( P = .79) or the ML ( P = .42) directions, or either direction during the drive leg bridge test ( P > .68). However, the injured group had significantly less lumbopelvic control than the noninjured group during stride leg balance in both the AP ( P = .03) and the ML ( P = .001) directions and for drive leg balance in both the AP ( P = .01) and the ML ( P = .04) directions. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that baseball pitchers with diminished lumbopelvic control, particularly during stride leg and drive leg single-leg balance with movement, had more upper extremity injuries than those with more control. Clinicians should consider evaluating lumbopelvic control in injury prevention protocols and provide appropriate exercises for restoring lumbopelvic control before returning athletes to competition after injury. Specific attention should be given to testing and exercises that mimic a single-limb balance task.

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ORTHOPEDIC INJURIES IN ADOLESCENT GYMNASTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967121s00117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽

pp. 2325967121S0011

Author(s):

Katie Kim ◽

Michael Saper

Keyword(s):

Lower Extremity ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

The Body ◽

Adolescent And Young Adult ◽

Body Region ◽

Lower Extremity Injuries ◽

Common Location ◽

Orthopedic Injuries ◽

Extremity Injuries

Background: Gymnastics exposes the body to many different types of stressors ranging from repetitive motion, high impact loading, extreme weight bearing, and hyperextension. These stressors predispose the spine and upper and lower extremities to injury. In fact, among female sports, gymnastics has the highest rate of injury each year. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature on location and types of orthopedic injuries in adolescent (≤20 years) gymnasts. Methods: The Pubmed, Medline, EMBASE, EBSCO (CINAHL) and Web of Science databases were systematically searched according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to identify all studies reporting orthopedic injuries in adolescent and young adult gymnasts. All aspects of injuries were extracted and analyzed including location, type and rates of orthopedic injuries. Results: Screening yielded 22 eligible studies with a total of 427,225 patients. Twenty of 22 studies reported upper extremity injuries of which four specifically focused on wrist injuries. Eight studies reported lower extremity injuries. Nine studies reported back/spinal injuries. Seven studies investigated each body location of injury; one study reported the upper extremity as the most common location for injury and six studies reported the lower extremity as the most common location for injury. Of those seven studies, five (23%) reported sprains and strains as the most common injury. One study reported fractures as the most common injury. Conclusion: There is considerable variation in reported injury location. Some studies focused specifically on the spine/back or wrist. The type of gymnastics each patient participated in was also different, contributing to which area of the body was more heavily stressed, or lacking. Current literature lacks data to fully provide evidence regarding which body region is more frequently injured and the type of injury sustained.

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