scholarly journals A short note on Cuntz splice from a viewpoint of continuous orbit equivalence of topological Markov shifts

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
Kengo Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Short Note ◽  
Markov Shift ◽  
Orbit Equivalence ◽  
Irreducible Matrix ◽  
Orbit Equivalent ◽  
Markov Shifts ◽  
Topological Markov Shift ◽  
The One

Let $A$ be an $N\times N$ irreducible matrix with entries in $\{0,1\}$. We present an easy way to find an $(N+3)\times (N+3)$ irreducible matrix $\bar {A}$ with entries in $\{0,1\}$ such that the associated Cuntz-Krieger algebras ${\mathcal {O}}_A$ and ${\mathcal {O}}_{\bar {A}}$ are isomorphic and $\det (1 -A) = - \det (1-\bar {A})$. As a consequence, we find that two Cuntz-Krieger algebras ${\mathcal {O}}_A$ and ${\mathcal {O}}_B$ are isomorphic if and only if the one-sided topological Markov shift $(X_A, \sigma _A)$ is continuously orbit equivalent to either $(X_B, \sigma _B)$ or $(X_{\bar {B}}, \sigma _{\bar {B}})$.

scholarly journals Graph algebras and orbit equivalence

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
NATHAN BROWNLOWE ◽  
TOKE MEIER CARLSEN ◽  
MICHAEL F. WHITTAKER
Keyword(s):  
Directed Graphs ◽  
Orbit Equivalence ◽  
Graph Algebras ◽  
Orbit Equivalent ◽  
Markov Shifts ◽  
Graph Algebra ◽  
Arbitrary Graphs ◽  
Reverse Implication

We introduce the notion of orbit equivalence of directed graphs, following Matsumoto’s notion of continuous orbit equivalence for topological Markov shifts. We show that two graphs in which every cycle has an exit are orbit equivalent if and only if there is a diagonal-preserving isomorphism between their $C^{\ast }$-algebras. We show that it is necessary to assume that every cycle has an exit for the forward implication, but that the reverse implication holds for arbitrary graphs. As part of our analysis of arbitrary graphs $E$ we construct a groupoid ${\mathcal{G}}_{(C^{\ast }(E),{\mathcal{D}}(E))}$ from the graph algebra $C^{\ast }(E)$ and its diagonal subalgebra ${\mathcal{D}}(E)$ which generalises Renault’s Weyl groupoid construction applied to $(C^{\ast }(E),{\mathcal{D}}(E))$. We show that ${\mathcal{G}}_{(C^{\ast }(E),{\mathcal{D}}(E))}$ recovers the graph groupoid ${\mathcal{G}}_{E}$ without the assumption that every cycle in $E$ has an exit, which is required to apply Renault’s results to $(C^{\ast }(E),{\mathcal{D}}(E))$. We finish with applications of our results to out-splittings of graphs and to amplified graphs.

scholarly journals Continuous orbit equivalence of topological Markov shifts and dynamical zeta functions

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1557-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENGO MATSUMOTO ◽  
HIROKI MATUI
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Functions ◽  
Periodic Points ◽  
Orbit Equivalence ◽  
Cohomology Groups ◽  
Borel Measures ◽  
Orbit Equivalent ◽  
Positive Elements ◽  
Markov Shifts ◽  
Sigma B

For continuously orbit equivalent one-sided topological Markov shifts $(X_{A},{\it\sigma}_{A})$ and $(X_{B},{\it\sigma}_{B})$, their eventually periodic points and cocycle functions are studied. As a result, we directly construct an isomorphism between their ordered cohomology groups $(\bar{H}^{A},\bar{H}_{+}^{A})$ and $(\bar{H}^{B},\bar{H}_{+}^{B})$. We also show that the cocycle functions for the continuous orbit equivalences give rise to positive elements of their ordered cohomology groups, so that the zeta functions of continuously orbit equivalent topological Markov shifts are related. The set of Borel measures is shown to be invariant under continuous orbit equivalence of one-sided topological Markov shifts.

Inhomogeneous random coverings of topological Markov shifts

2017 ◽  
Vol 165 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
STÉPHANE SEURET
Keyword(s):  
Gibbs Measure ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Random Variables ◽  
Markov Shift ◽  
Fractal Sets ◽  
Markov Shifts ◽  
Topological Markov Shift ◽  
Sierpinski Carpets

AbstractLet $\mathscr{S}$ be an irreducible topological Markov shift, and let μ be a shift-invariant Gibbs measure on $\mathscr{S}$. Let (Xn)n ≥ 1 be a sequence of i.i.d. random variables with common law μ. In this paper, we focus on the size of the covering of $\mathscr{S}$ by the balls B(Xn, n−s). This generalises the original Dvoretzky problem by considering random coverings of fractal sets by non-homogeneously distributed balls. We compute the almost sure dimension of lim supn →+∞B(Xn, n−s) for every s ≥ 0, which depends on s and the multifractal features of μ. Our results include the inhomogeneous covering of $\mathbb{T}^d$ and Sierpinski carpets.

On C*-Algebras Associated with Subshifts

1997 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 357-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kengo Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Dynamics ◽  
Markov Shift ◽  
C Algebra ◽  
C Algebras ◽  
Markov Shifts ◽  
Universal Properties

We construct and study C*-algebras associated with subshifts in symbolic dynamics as a generalization of Cuntz–Krieger algebras for topological Markov shifts. We prove some universal properties for the C*-algebras and give a criterion for them to be simple and purely infinite. We also present an example of a C*-algebra coming from a subshift which is not conjugate to a Markov shift.

scholarly journals On the existence of maximizing measures for irreducible countable Markov shifts: a dynamical proof

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1103-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
RODRIGO BISSACOT ◽  
RICARDO DOS SANTOS FREIRE
Keyword(s):  
Probability Measure ◽  
Bounded Variation ◽  
Finite Alphabet ◽  
Markov Shift ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Shift Space ◽  
Markov Shifts ◽  
Maximizing Measure ◽  
Full Shift ◽  
Countable Markov Shifts

AbstractWe prove that if ${\Sigma }_{\mathbf{A} } ( \mathbb{N} )$ is an irreducible Markov shift space over $ \mathbb{N} $ and $f: {\Sigma }_{\mathbf{A} } ( \mathbb{N} )\rightarrow \mathbb{R} $ is coercive with bounded variation then there exists a maximizing probability measure for $f$, whose support lies on a Markov subshift over a finite alphabet. Furthermore, the support of any maximizing measure is contained in this same compact subshift. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first proof beyond the finitely primitive case in the general irreducible non-compact setting. It is also noteworthy that our technique works for the full shift over positive real sequences.

scholarly journals Lebesgue orbit equivalence of multidimensional Borel flows: A picturebook of tilings

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1966-1996
Author(s):  
KONSTANTIN SLUTSKY
Keyword(s):  
Lebesgue Measure ◽  
Probability Measures ◽  
Orbit Equivalence ◽  
Orbit Equivalent

The main result of the paper is classification of free multidimensional Borel flows up to Lebesgue orbit equivalence, by which we mean an orbit equivalence that preserves the Lebesgue measure on each orbit. Two non-smooth $\mathbb{R}^{d}$-flows are shown to be Lebesgue orbit equivalent if and only if they admit the same number of invariant ergodic probability measures.

A Short Note on the Tensile Testing of Rubber

1932 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Short Note ◽  
American Chemical Society ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Ring Test ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Test Pieces ◽  
The One

Abstract The evaluation of rubber has centered largely around stress-strain phenomena, and the property of tensile strength is probably the one which has the most general application throughout the industry. Rubber exhibits stress-strain properties quite different from the majority of substances, and peculiar difficulties are introduced during the determination of tensile strength. Although tentative standards have recently been issued by the American Chemical Society, there is no evidence that these are being strictly adhered to, and there is still need for a more rigid standardization of tensile-testing methods. There are essentially two methods of tensile-testing: (1) Using dumb-bell test-pieces with a Bureau of Standards machine, or a Scott type of machine; and (2) Using ring test-pieces with a Schopper type of machine. It is generally supposed that higher tensile results are obtained by the former method. Recently, occasion has occurred to make a comparison between both types and to study the effect of certain factors upon each method.

Restricted orbit equivalence for ergodic ${\Bbb Z}^{d}$ actions I

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1083-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
JANET WHALEN KAMMEYER ◽  
DANIEL J. RUDOLPH
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Relation ◽  
Dimensional Case ◽  
Orbit Equivalence ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Ergodic Transformations ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
The One ◽  
Equivalence Invariant ◽  
Classical Entropy

In [R1] a notion of restricted orbit equivalence for ergodic transformations was developed. Here we modify that structure in order to generalize it to actions of higher-dimensional groups, in particular ${\Bbb Z}^d$-actions. The concept of a ‘size’ is developed first from an axiomatized notion of the size of a permutation of a finite block in ${\Bbb Z}^d$. This is extended to orbit equivalences which are cohomologous to the identity and, via the natural completion, to a notion of restricted orbit equivalence. This is shown to be an equivalence relation. Associated to each size is an entropy which is an equivalence invariant. As in the one-dimensional case this entropy is either the classical entropy or is zero. Several examples are discussed.

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