Superior Ophthalmic Vein Thrombosis Induced by Orbital Cellulitis: An Ophthalmic Emergency

The acute onset of eyelid redness and swelling in a child usually results in a quick visit to the doctor's office or an emergency room. The differential diagnosis for these signs ranges from relatively innocuous problems, such as allergy or an insect sting, to potentially vision-affecting or even life-threatening diseases, such as orbital cellulitis or cavernous vein thrombosis. The orbital contents often are protected from an inflammatory process by the orbital septum, a continuation of the periosteum of the bony orbit to the margins of both the upper and lower eyelids (Figure 1). An inflammatory process occurring in the structures superficial to the orbital septum is defined as preseptal or periorbital cellulitis; an inflammatory process in structures deep to the orbital septum is defined as orbital cellulitis of a specific complication thereof. Bacterial infection can cause both periorbital and orbital cellulitis. Another anatomic feature of importance is that the skin of the eyelid is the thinnest skin of the body. The subcutaneous tissue of the eyelid is composed of musculofibrous tissue and no fat. This combination of thin skin and loose subcutaneous tissues makes it possible for the eyelid to swell dramatically as it fills with edematous fluid. Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Periorbital Cellulitis

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Superior and Inferior Ophthalmic Vein Thrombosis in the Setting of Lung Cancer

Case Reports in Oncological Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/6025274 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Nawal Habib ◽

Kimberly Lessard

Keyword(s):

Sinus Thrombosis ◽

Abrupt Onset ◽

Medical Emergency ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Superior Ophthalmic Vein ◽

Carotid Cavernous Fistula ◽

Management Options ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Autoimmune Conditions ◽

Prompt Diagnosis

Superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis is extremely rare and is often associated with orbital inflammation/infection, systemic/local tumors, hypercoagulable states, autoimmune conditions, and rarely carotid cavernous fistula. Clinical features include abrupt onset of painful proptosis, chemosis, ophthalmoplegia, and diminished visual acuity. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent permanent blindness. Management options for this medical emergency include antibiotics, steroids, and/or anticoagulation. We present a case of superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis with left cavernous sinus thrombosis in the setting of newly diagnosed malignancy.

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Septic superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis: enoxaparin needs to be monitored

Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology ◽

10.1046/j.1442-9071.2002.00584.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 449-449 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stewart J Malcolm

Keyword(s):

Superior Ophthalmic Vein ◽

Vein Thrombosis

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Bilateral superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis associated with high altitude

Orbit ◽

10.1080/01676830.2020.1797825 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Abtin Shahlaee ◽

Lauren M. Hennein ◽

Bryan J. Winn ◽

William P. Dillon ◽

Nailyn Rasool

Keyword(s):

High Altitude ◽

Superior Ophthalmic Vein ◽

Vein Thrombosis

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Superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis following coil embolization of posterior communicating artery aneurysm: Report of two cases

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672120951444 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 112067212095144

Author(s):

Kaveh Abri Aghdam ◽

Naveed Nilforushan ◽

Amin Zand ◽

Rahim Kohansal

Keyword(s):

Coil Embolization ◽

Artery Aneurysm ◽

Posterior Communicating Artery ◽

Superior Ophthalmic Vein ◽

Ocular Complications ◽

Ipsilateral Side ◽

Systemic Complications ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Systemic Corticosteroids ◽

Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm

Introduction: The purpose was to present two patients with superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis following coil embolization of posterior communicating artery aneurysm, that have not been reported after this particular procedure yet. Methods: We present two patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to posterior communicating artery aneurysms, who were treated with stent-assisted coil embolization. Shortly after the procedure, both cases demonstrated painful proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, increased intraocular pressure, intraretinal hemorrhage and macular edema on the ipsilateral side, with congestion of intraorbital tissues and thickened and dilated superior ophthalmic vein in neuroimaging investigation. The occlusion was confirmed by digital subtraction angiography. Results: Patients were treated with anticoagulant agents and systemic corticosteroids immediately and then received medical treatment by an ophthalmologist for ocular complications of superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis. Conclusion: Isolated superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis (SOVT) is rare, but may be associated with sight-threatening complications. After intracranial interventions on cerebral vessels, clinical features of SOVT including choroidal effusion syndrome should be investigated, and the patients should receive prompt and proper care including ophthalmic medications and systemic anticoagulants to restrict the ocular and systemic complications.

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