International Jurisdiction of the Rabbinical Courts in Claims for Divorce in Israel

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Cláudio Martins de Araújo ◽  
Victoria Gonçalves Rebello

A Convenção Americana, um verdadeiro código latino-americano de Direitos Humanos, foi incorporado por 25 Estados no continente — expressando, no que tange às garantias legais de direitos dos homens, a força de uma consonância de princípios a serem seguidos na região. Ao denunciar sérias violações aos direitos humanos, e exercer pressões sobre os Estados, a Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos tem feito prodigiosas contribuições para o acesso à justiça no continente americano, quando as instituições nacionais se mostram omissas ou limitadas. Nesse diapasão, propõe-se analisar mais detalhadamente o contexto que permitiu o surgimento desta Corte regional, assim como traçar um perfil qualitativa de sua atuação no Continente.


Author(s):  
Hayk Kupelyants

Chapter 3 examines the international jurisdiction in sovereign debt disputes and particularly the following matters: service of proceedings; the jurisdiction under the Brussels Regulation, the jurisdiction under English national rules; individual standing of beneficial bondholders; class actions. The chapter also examines the issue of pre-emptive strikes in sovereign debt litigation, in other words whether private creditors may initiate legal actions before the conclusion of the sovereign debt restructuring and how courts may constrain such litigation. The chapter argues that the English courts may stay proceedings if they are brought in contravention of the powers of bondholders under majority action clauses. The chapter lastly addresses the issue of whether the majority may modify the bonds after the English court has issued a judgment.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
María José Castellanos Ruiz

Resumen: En el Reglamento (UE) 650/2012 no existe una norma específica que regule la competencia en materia de expedición de certificados sucesorios nacionales, incluso no se utiliza nunca la expresión “certificado sucesorio nacional” como tal, sino que los denomina “documentos internos empleados en los Estados miembros para fines similares” a los de los certificados sucesorios europeos. Sin embargo, dicho instrumento internacional sí que contempla una regulación específica relativa a la competencia en materia de expedición de certificados sucesorios europeos (art. 64 Reglamento (UE) 650/2012). Pues bien, ante la “aparente laguna legal” en relación con los certificados sucesorios nacionales, se debe determinar, si dentro del concepto de “totalidad de la sucesión” -que indica el ámbito de aplicación del Reglamento-, se encuentran dichos certificados. En cuyo caso, las normas de competencia del capítulo II del Reglamento sucesorio serían de aplicación a la expedición de los certificados sucesorios nacionales y a los procedimientos relativos a ellos. En este sentido, la Sentencia del TJUE 21 junio 2018, Vincent Pierre Oberle, C-20/17 y, sobre todo, las Conclusiones del Abogado General Sr. M. Szpunar, han venido a solucionar esta “laguna legal”, así como otras cuestiones planteadas de gran importancia, en relación con el asunto concreto que se estaba dirimiendo. Se debe destacar que, con el fallo de la sentencia, se resuelve una cuestión que puede ser relevante para todos los Estados miembros en los que se contempla la posibilidad de que los órganos judiciales expidan certificados sucesorios nacionales.Palabras clave: Reglamento (UE) 650/2012, certificado sucesorio nacional, certificado sucesorio europeo, competencia internacional, tribunal, notario, resolución, totalidad de la sucesión.Abstract: In Regulation (EU) 650/2012 there is no specific provision that regulates the competence in the issue of national certificates of succession, even the term “national succession of certificate” is never used as such, but rather calls them “internal documents used for similar purposes in the Member States” to those of European Certificates of Succession. However, this international instrument contemplates a specific regulation governing the competence in the issue of European Certificate of Succession (art. 64 Regulation (EU) 650/2012). Well, given the “apparent legal loophole” in relation to national certificates of succession, it must be determined, if within the concept “succession as a whole” -which indicates the scope of the Regulation-, such certificates are found. In which case, the jurisdiction rules of Chapter II of this Regulation would apply to the issuance of national certificates of succession and the procedures related to them. In this regard, the CJEU Judgement of 21st June 2018, Vincent Pierre Oberle, C-20/17, and, above all, the Conclusions of the Advocate General Mr. M. Szpunar, have come to solve this “legal loophole”, as well as others issues raised of great importance, in relation to the specific issue that was being settled. This case, on the other hand, involves the resolution of an issue which could be relevant to all Member States where provision is made for judicial authorities to issue national certificates of succession. Keywords: Regulation (EU) 650/2012, national certificate of succession, European Certificate of Succession, international jurisdiction, court, notary, resolution, succession as a whole.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 821
Author(s):  
José Juan Castelló Pastor

Resumen: El Auto de la Audiencia Provincial de Barcelona, sección 1ª, de 13 de diciembre de 2017 objeto de comentario estima el límite de la jurisdicción española por la sumisión expresa en favor de los tribunales de otro Estado en un contrato de suministro celebrado entre dos mercantiles. La Audiencia Provincial de Barcelona aprecia la derogatio fori con base en el artículo 22 ter párrafo cuarto LOPJ, pese a demandarse también a una sociedad domiciliada en España que no es firmante del contrato.Palabras clave: derogatio fori, sumisión expresa, competencia judicial internacional, materia con-tractual, declinatoria internacional, tribunales de terceros estados.Abstract: The Order of the Provincial Court of Barcelona, section 1, of December 13, 2017 object of comment estimates the limit of Spanish jurisdiction by express submission in favor of the courts of another State in a supply contract concluded between two merchants. The Provincial Court of Barcelona appreciates the derogatio fori based on article 22 ter fourth paragraph of the LOPJ, in spite of also de-manding a company domiciled in Spain that is not a signatory of the contract.Keywords: derogatio fori, express submission, international jurisdiction, contractual matters, ju-risdiction on a third country.


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