Generalized vanishing theorems for Yukawa couplings in heterotic compactifications

Heterotic compactifications on Calabi-Yau threefolds frequently exhibit textures of vanishing Yukawa couplings in their low energy description. The vanishing of these couplings is often not enforced by any obvious symmetry and appears to be topological in nature. Recent results used differential geometric methods to explain the origin of some of this structure [1, 2]. A vanishing theorem was given which showed that the effect could be attributed, in part, to the embedding of the Calabi-Yau manifolds of interest inside higher dimensional ambient spaces, if the gauge bundles involved descended from vector bundles on those larger manifolds. In this paper, we utilize an algebro-geometric approach to provide an alternative derivation of some of these results, and are thus able to generalize them to a much wider arena than has been considered before. For example, we consider cases where the vector bundles of interest do not descend from bundles on the ambient space. In such a manner we are able to highlight the ubiquity with which textures of vanishing Yukawa couplings can be expected to arise in heterotic compactifications, with multiple different constraints arising from a plethora of different geometric features associated to the gauge bundle.

The Weitzenböck Type Curvature Operator for Singular Distributions

We study geometry of a Riemannian manifold endowed with a singular (or regular) distribution, determined as an image of the tangent bundle under smooth endomorphisms. Following construction of an almost Lie algebroid on a vector bundle, we define the modified covariant and exterior derivatives and their L 2 adjoint operators on tensors. Then, we introduce the Weitzenböck type curvature operator on tensors, prove the Weitzenböck type decomposition formula, and derive the Bochner–Weitzenböck type formula. These allow us to obtain vanishing theorems about the null space of the Hodge type Laplacian. The assumptions used in the results are reasonable, as illustrated by examples with f-manifolds, including almost Hermitian and almost contact ones.