NORMATIVE DATA OF COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT BY AUDITORY P300 EVENT RELATED POTENTIAL, MONTREAL COGNITION ASSESSMENT AND CHOICE REACTION TIME AND ITS VARIATION WITH AGE AND GENDER IN UTTARAKHAND REGION OF INDIA.

Background: Tests like auditory P300 event related potential, neuro-psychometric pen pencil Montreal Cognition Assessment Test (MOCA) and Choice reaction time have been used as indexes of cognitive function. Thus this study has been planned with the aim to evaluate cognitive ability of a normal adult to nd out normative data and its, variation with age and gender in Uttarakhand region of India. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of Physiology of AIIMS, Rishikesh on 52 healthy with ages ranging from 20 to 40 years, equal number of male & female volunteers with the ability to understand test procedures. Following tests were performed in the given order for uniformity during 11-1 pm timing of a day: 1. Event Related Potential-P300 2. Neuro-psychometric assessment (Hindi Montreal Cognitive Assessment -HMOCA test) and 3. Choice Reaction Time. Results and Conclusion: Mean of P300 Latency is 310 ± 37.14 msec, mean of P300 Amplitude is 14 ± 7.5 uv (from Cz electrode site), mean of Montreal Score is 24.81±3.25, and mean of CRT is 584.5 ±84.06 ms in all the subjects. All the parameters are better in younger age group. All the parameters are better in male except MOCA score

Relationship between enlarged perivascular space in hippocampus and P300 event-related potential in patients with acute lacunar stroke

Background This study aimed to investigate the relationship between enlarged perivascular space in hippocampus (H-EPVS) and P300 event-related potential (ERP) in patients with acute lacunar stroke. Methods Patients with acute lacunar stroke hospitalized in Changzhou No.2 people's Hospital from February 2019 to July 2020 were collected. All the patients performed the P300 auditory oddball task and a full set of cognitive function tests. We recorded P300 latency and amplitude by EMG evoked potential instrument. H-EPVS showed round, oval and linear structures on MRI T2-weighted images of hippocampus, with clear boundaries and consistency in the direction of the perforating arterioles. Dividing the total number of H-EPVS ≥ 7 into extensive H-EPVS group (n = 61) and non-extensive H-EPVS group (n = 53). ROC curve was used to analyze the relationship between P300 ERP and cognitive function of extensive H-EPVS in patients with acute lacunar stroke. Results A total of 114 patients with acute lacunar stroke were included, and 61 (53.5%) patients were found to have extensive H-EPVS. The P300 latency in patients with extensive H-EPVS( mean and SD, 393.61 ± 30.36) was significantly higher than in non-extensive H-EPVS (mean and SD, 356.4 ± 19.59 ms, t = -7.870, P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in P300 amplitude between the two groups (P > 0.05). In addition, The cognitive function (the field of verbal fluency) in patients with extensive H-EPVS (mean and SD, -0.41 ± 0.50) was significantly lower than in non-extensive H-EPVS (mean and SD, 0.47 ± 0.54, t = 9.017, P < 0.01). Further analysis shows that in patients with acute lacunar stroke, P300 latency was positively associated with H-EPVS counts (r = 0.726, P = 0.000). H-EPVS counts was negatively associated with cognitive function score (the field of verbal fluency) (r=-0.705, P = 0.000). ROC curve analysis showed that the index of cognitive impairment diagnosed by P300 in patients with acute lacunar stoke was 0.796. Conclusion Extensive H-EPVS has a high incidence in patients with acute lacunar stroke. The P300 latency may be used as an early indicator to evaluate the verbal fluency function of extensive H-EPVS patients with acute lacunar stroke.

Mental Workload of Novel, Simulated Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (Adas) Use

Driving automation is intended to improve safety while minimizing driver mental workload. Misunderstanding among drivers and inconsistencies among manufacturers regarding the nuanced functionalities and limitations of ADAS hinder this goal. Violation of driver expectations about how an ADAS performs, particularly during critical moments, could inadvertently increase workload at critical times. The aim of the present study was to assess mental workload, indexed by the P300 event-related potential (ERP) as drivers engaged novel driving automation features. P300 amplitude indicated significantly higher workload when monitoring two versus one ADAS components.