Theoretical Approaches to Roman Imagery and Iconography

This chapter presents a selection of interdisciplinary approaches used within the study of Roman visual culture. Iconology, creolization, hybridization, and entanglement are discussed alongside the problems of ‘Romanization’. Emphasis is given to the idea that images, like objects, have a biography and live a social life. Images in this sense can have a range of meanings depending on context and user. The role of images in Roman imperialism and memory is explored, with case studies including funerary contexts, the conquest of Egypt in 30 bce, the formation of Nemausus as a colony, and the siege of Jerusalem in 70 ce.

İSLAM DÜNYASINDA KUDÜS VE SELAHADDİN EYYÜBİ

The importance and value of Jerusalem, the holy city for Islam and Muslims, in the Middle East geography. Even though a lot of money has been paid for Jerusalem, which has a very important place for Christians, Jews and Muslims from the past to the present, it is seen that these religions still do not give up Jerusalem. The reason for this is the Temple of Solomon for Jews, Hz for Christians. Jerusalem is the place where Jesus is believed to be resurrected and Jerusalem is the city of the Prophets for Muslims, as well as being mentioned as a verse in the Quran and Masjid Accent is the first qibla. Hz. The giving of the keys of the city by trusting the justice of Umar and the conquest of Jerusalem by the Islamic armies and the siege of Jerusalem by the sultan of the east, Saladin, will be explained.

Isaiah in Art and Music

The extraordinary role of Isaiah in Christian art and music, from the ox and the ass on ancient catacombs to Handel’s Messiah, is well known, but there are also significant portrayals of him and his prophecies in Jewish art and music, as well as a few striking illustrations of episodes in his life in Islamic art. This chapter looks first at examples of how the call of the prophet, Sennacherib’s siege of Jerusalem, his martyrdom, and other scenes from his life have been depicted in the art of all three religious traditions, and then Christian portrayals of the Annunciation, the Nativity, the Fall of idols in Egypt, the Passion, and the Winepress with texts from Isaiah, as well as world peace and the peaceable kingdom. Musical settings of texts from Isaiah range from Veni Immanuel, the Rorate, Mendelssohn’s Elijah, and Brahms German Requiem, to modern Jewish celebrations of the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 and popular Hebrew songs like “Mayim be-sason” (12:3) and “Yerushalayim shel zahab.”

Isaiah 10:34 and the “Ambiguous Oracle” in Josephus, Bellum 6.312–313 (Part Two)

In the previous issue of this journal, after an introduction to the topic, I analyzed in section 1. Eschatological Fervor and Messianic Hopes; in section 2. The King, the Messiah, Is Only to Come from Judea; in section 3. Isaiah in Judaic Tradition; and in section 4. Hezekiah in Judaic Tradition. This prepared for the sections included here: 5. Isaiah, Hezekiah, and the Siege of Jerusalem by Sennacherib in Judaic Tradition; 6. Isa. 10:34; and 7. Summary and Conclusions.