Assessment and modeling of sewer network development utilizing Arc GIS and SewerGEMS in Kabul city of Afghanistan

The absence of a wastewater collection, management, and disposal scheme is one of Kabul’s most serious environmental issues. This has resulted in both health and ecological problems. This research used Arc GIS and SewerGEMS tools to assess the viability of a decentralized sewerage collection model in the research area. The research area was chosen as the city’s 5th district. Land-use and land-cover, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and Satellite data were used to construct the network’s geometry in the Arc map environment. SewerGEMS software was used to perform hydraulic simulation and modeling. The variables were regulated based on the results of the study using conventional wastewater topology guidelines. Based on the outputs of hydraulic analysis, it is concluded that the decentralized wastewater collection system would be the best option for the area. It can be deduced from hydraulic design findings that the hydraulic model was successfully developed and built. The methodology can be applied for the development of future wastewater master plans of the city.

Forecasting saltwater intrusion volume and sulfate content in a wastewater collection system. Case study: Barreiro/Moita WWTP, Portugal

The presence of salt water from the Tagus Estuary has been identified in the influent at Barreiro/Moita Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), Portugal. The intrusion occurs throughout damaged sections and direct vectors in the wastewater collection system, during high tide levels, changing the wastewater characteristics and impacting the WWTP process. This study designed models to quantify this problem, enabling more effective countermeasures within the right timing. The proposed models estimate the average volume of salt water and sulfate () load for each high tide period. The laboratory results show strong correlations between the influent electrical conductivity (EC) and percentage of salt water in WWTP inflow (0.9909), and between EC and concentration in WWTP influent (0.9797). The forecast models also show good correlation between the high tide levels with volume of salt water (0.9145) and load (0.9162) entering the system. Considering the total monthly inflow, the highest percentage of salt water registered in WWTP inflow was 3.6%. During high tide periods, critical situations have been assessed with up to 53.9% of salt water in the WWTP inflow, increasing energy consumption and costs in pumping stations.

RNA Extraction from Wastewater Concentrates Using RNeasy and Zymo Kits v1

This method was developed at the FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition for GenomeTrakr’s pandemic response project, monitoring SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater​​. Protocols developed for this project cover wastewater collection, concentration, RNA extraction, RT-qPCR detection, library prep, genome sequencing, quality control checks, and data submission to NCBI. This method describes the extraction of RNA from viral concentrates using the RNeasy and Zymo kits.

5N HCl v1

This method was developed at the FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition for GenomeTrakr’s pandemic response project, monitoring SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater​​. Protocols developed for this project cover wastewater collection, concentration, RNA extraction, RT-qPCR detection, library prep, genome sequencing, quality control checks, and data submission to NCBI. This method provides a reagent formula required in the rapid concentration of intact viruses from wastewater using a combination of PEG precipitation and ultracentrifugation.

2X PEG v1

This method was developed at the FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition for GenomeTrakr’s pandemic response project, monitoring SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater​​. Protocols developed for this project cover wastewater collection, concentration, RNA extraction, RT-qPCR detection, library prep, genome sequencing, quality control checks, and data submission to NCBI. This method provides a reagent formula required in the rapid concentration of intact viruses from wastewater using a combination of PEG precipitation and ultracentrifugation.

Primer TE (10mM Tris, 0.1mM EDTA, pH8.0) v1

This method was developed at the FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition for GenomeTrakr’s pandemic response project, monitoring SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater​​. Protocols developed for this project cover wastewater collection, concentration, RNA extraction, RT-qPCR detection, library prep, genome sequencing, quality control checks, and data submission to NCBI. This method provides a reagent formula required in the extraction of RNA from viral concentrates using the RNeasy and Zymo kits.

6M GITC v1

This method was developed at the FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition for GenomeTrakr’s pandemic response project, monitoring SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater​​. Protocols developed for this project cover wastewater collection, concentration, RNA extraction, RT-qPCR detection, library prep, genome sequencing, quality control checks, and data submission to NCBI. This method provides a reagent formula required in the extraction of RNA from viral concentrates using the RNeasy and Zymo kits.

0.05 M Glycine v1

This method was developed at the FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition for GenomeTrakr’s pandemic response project, monitoring SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater​​. Protocols developed for this project cover wastewater collection, concentration, RNA extraction, RT-qPCR detection, library prep, genome sequencing, quality control checks, and data submission to NCBI. This method provides a reagent formula required in the rapid concentration of intact viruses from wastewater using a combination of PEG precipitation and ultracentrifugation.

Virus Concentration from Wastewater Using PEG Precipitation and Ultracentrifugation v1

This method was developed at the FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition for GenomeTrakr’s pandemic response project, monitoring SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater​​. Protocols developed for this project cover wastewater collection, concentration, RNA extraction, RT-qPCR detection, library prep, genome sequencing, quality control checks, and data submission to NCBI. This method describes the rapid concentration of intact viruses from wastewater using a combination of PEG precipitation and ultracentrifugation.

Tissue Culture (tc) PBS v1

This method was developed at the FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition for GenomeTrakr’s pandemic response project, monitoring SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater​​. Protocols developed for this project cover wastewater collection, concentration, RNA extraction, RT-qPCR detection, library prep, genome sequencing, quality control checks, and data submission to NCBI. This method provides a reagent formula required in the rapid concentration of intact viruses from wastewater using a combination of PEG precipitation and ultracentrifugation.