Investing into ETF – Exchange Investment Funds in Digital Economy

The article explains the notion of exchange investment funds as a tool of investing on stock exchange in conditions of digital economy. It studies attainable today tools for investing into exchange investment funds, structure, working mechanism, as well as goals and objectives of investment funds as a separate tool for investment. The authors identify the key aims of investing into investment funds available on the exchange and the sequence of using this investment tool. They show opportunities and threats of investing into exchange investment funds for the investor and necessary analytical tools for investing into exchange investment funds and also provide characteristics, which are essential for estimating and selecting investment funds by the investor. The article explains such terms as controlling company, liquidity, dividend yield, fund index, replication and demonstrates expediency of using tools of investing into investment funds for beginners and experienced investors. The authors research the present trends on the finance exchange in view of investing into exchange investment funds and come to the conclusion about basic preconditions for investing into investment funds.

Research on Parallel Geo-Spatial Index Replication Strategy Based on PC Cluster System and its 3D Visualization Application

In the field of spatial information, the amount of spatial data becomes more and more large, and every operation becomes more and more complicated. Now, parallel techniques gradually become valid means of resolving this kind of complicated problem. Therefore, this paper studies the spatial partitioning method of massive data and the parallel geo-spatial index replication strategy after fully considering characteristics of PC cluster based on shared-nothing structure. After studying excellent linear mapping characteristics of Hilbert spatial ordering code, this paper applies it to spatial partitioning of data, and gives a concrete algorithm. In this algorithm, the clustering performance of spatial objects is considered, and the balance of data storage on each processing unit is also done, which greatly improves the processing efficiency of parallel spatial database. Based on this, this paper builds the parallel geo-spatial index based on R-tree, and proposes the spatial index replicas update mechanism based on master replica and weak consistency suitable for the parallel environment of shared-nothing structure after deeply analyzing current synchronous mechanisms of replicas. It is a kind of update mechanism based on message with low cost, enhances the power of parallel spatial data access and using PC cluster, and improves the availability of index data. In the field of 3D visualization application, it is also efficient. Experiments prove that the spatial partitioning strategy and the parallel geo-spatial index replication mechanism presented in this paper can improve load balance of system, and enhance performance of the whole system.