Exotic particle mass spectrum of the BLMSSM

To explain the matter–antimatter asymmetry, a supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (SM) is proposed where baryon and lepton numbers are local-gauged (BLMSSM), and exotic superfields are introduced when gauge group is enlarged to [Formula: see text]. Owing to the consistency of the SM prediction and the observation of large hadron collider (LHC), the parameter space that related to the masses of new particles is stringently constrained. By diagonalizing the mass-squared matrices for neutral scalar sectors and the mass-squared matrices for exotic quarks, we obtain the mass of these particles, then present the contour plot of mass varying from different parameters with some assumptions, so the constraints on model parameter can be obtained with different lower limits of particle mass.

Polynomial algebra with reflection symmetry and thermostatistics

In this paper, we use the reflection (or parity) operator to construct the new algebra whose maximum occupation number is finite. For the Hamiltonian proportional to the number operator, we discuss the thermostatistics and compute the thermodynamical quantities such as distribution function, multiparticle distribution function, mean energy and specific heat. We also calculate the intercept for this algebra to show that a particle obeying this algebra is an exotic particle which is neither a boson nor a fermion.