The Effect of Nozzle-Opening Pressure on the Performance and Emission Parameters of a Diesel Engine Operated on Aphanizomenonflos Biodiesel-Titanium Dioxide (Tio2) Nanofluid-Diesel Blend

In the present investigation, titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nano-fluid (5%, 10%, and 15%) was blended with AphanizomenonFlos (AF) biodiesel (20%)-diesel (80%) blend. Among all blends, AFD-10TiO2 blend was optimum, as per the authors earlier investigation. Hence, to find the optimum operating parameter of AFD-10TiO2 , the nozzle opening pressure of the existing diesel engine was varied in the range of 160 bar to 220 bar in steps of 20 bar. AFD-10TiO2 /200 gave optimized results compared to other test fuels. BSFC forAFD-10TiO2 /200 decreased with an increase in injection pressure of AFD-10TiO2 .The BTE of the engine increased about 1.5% to 5.5% more than in the case of diesel, and AF-D blend respectively. The tailpipe emissions for AFD-10TiO2 /200such as CO, HC, smoke reduced by about 16%, 12%, and 18% respectively. The NOx emission forAFD-10TiO2 /200increased by about 14% more than that for diesel.