Comprehensive Analysis of LncRNAs Role in Tumorigenesis of Colon Adenocarcinoma

Background Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers globally. Molecular aberrations of tumor suppressors and/or oncogenes are the main contributors to its tumorigenesis. However, the exact underlying mechanisms of COAD pathogenesis are not clear yet. Thus, there is an urgent need to indicate promising potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in COAD patients. In the current study, level 3 RNA-seq and miR-seq data and corresponding clinical data of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) were retrieved from the TCGA database.The “limma” package in R software was utilized to indicate the differentially expressed genes. For in silico functional analysis, GO and KEGG signaling pathways were conducted. PPI network was constructed based on the STRING online database by Cytoscape 3.7.2. A ceRNA network was also constructed by “GDCRNATools” package in R software. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (log-rank test) was used to indicate the relation between RNA expressions with patient’s survival time.Results The differential expression data demonstrated that 1512 mRNAs, 188 lncRNAs, and 329 miRNAs were differentially expressed in COAD. The GO and KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the differentially expressed mRNAs were primarily enriched in canonical processes in cancer. The PPI network showed that the PPARGC1A, ADAMTS5, PTGS2, FGFR2, TBX1, TWIST1, KIT, BDNF and MET proteins were the critical hubs. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that 128 mRNAs, 15 lncRNAs, and 39 miRNAs were associated with overall survival time in the patients. The ceRNA network data demonstrated that three lncRNA including MAGI2-AS3, NEAT1, and SNHG3 genes were involved in the development of COAD.Conclusions Altogether, we integrated differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs in COAD bioinformatically. Our data suggested promising lncRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with COAD.

Konfrontacja bezpośrednia i pośrednia w kanonicznym procesie o nieważność małżeństwa (kan. 1560 § 2 KPK)

The argumentation is the central part of the canonical processes. The process is not possible without it. The proofs collected during the instruction lead the judge to the moral certitude about the matter. One of the proof allowed by the legislator is the confrontation. The legislator does not defne the concept of confrontation, but only shows its purpose, general conditions and the possibilities of its survey. Confrontation is a specifc way of examination. It is diffcult to carry out a confrontation. The judge has to prepare it carefully. But confrontation can help the judge in fnding the truth if it is applied according to prescripts of the canon law.

The Johannine Literature and the Canon

The stages by which the Gospel and letters commonly known as ‘of John’ (as also of the Apocalypse, often assigned to the same author) became part of the canon are exemplary of wider canonical processes in the early church. While closely inter-related there are also differentiated patterns of recognition of these writings in different parts of the church and at different times. This chapter examines those stages with attention to the evidence of early Christian writings and to scholarly debate about it. More recent discussion has interrogated the nature of ‘canon’ in relation to other terms expressing authority, and also in relation to the range of actual textual practices and of the wider body of texts that flourished among early Christians.