Oral lichen planus and its recent management: A review

Background: Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is one of the most common dermatological disease which is present in the oral cavity. It is a chronic autoimmune, mucocutaneous disease that affects oral mucosa as well as the skin, genital mucosa and other sites of the body.Method: In this review study, various databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed Central, Hinari and Cochrane library were searched for articles with keywords lichen planus, oral lichen planus, premalignant lesions, management of Lichen planus. Articles were searched from January 2015 to 5th November 2020.Result: From the 34 articles obtained after reviewing the abstracts, most relevant 32articles were evaluated in this study.Conclusion: The etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, histopathological features, diagnosis and various management for oral lichen planus is discussed. This article also compares the existing and the most recent treatment modalities that are available throughout the world that are discussed in the literatures. However, more intensive studies must be carried out to find the best treatments which are cost-effective in the long run. Update Dent. Coll. j: 2020; 10 (2): 29-34

Full Upregulation of α1 and β1 adrenergic receptors as an effective factor on hyposalivation of patients with OLP

Objectives: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the common chronic, autoimmune disorders in oral cavity. Regarding the role of adrenergic receptors in mediating stress and that’s effect on salivary composition, the purpose of this study was to investigate salivary levels of α1- and β1-adrenergic receptors in OLP patients to response to this research question: Do agonist or antagonist of adrenergic receptors affect hyposalivation of OLP patients? Method: In this case-control study, stimulated and unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 33 patients and 33 healthy individuals. The salivary flow rate and levels of α1- and β1-adrenergic receptors were measured by ELISA assay. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25 and T-test. Results: The stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rate was significantly lower in OLP patients than healthy subjects. The α1-adrenergic receptors in the unstimulated saliva of patients was significantly higher than in the healthy subjects (p<0.001). α1-receptor in unstimulated saliva in both groups of patients (p<0.001) and healthy subjects (p=0.006) was significantly higher than stimulated saliva in the same groups. The level of β1-adrenergic receptors in the patients was significantly higher in the unstimulated saliva (p=0.001) and lower in the stimulated saliva than in the healthy subjects (p=0.003). β1-receptor was significantly higher in the unstimulated saliva than stimulated saliva in the patients (p<0.001). Conclusion: high levels of α1- and β1-adrenergic receptors in saliva of OLP patients reduce salivary flow rate by increasing the salivary proteins, mucin and saliva viscosity. Selective antagonist of α1- and β1-adrenergic receptors Can improve hyposalivation of OLP patients. Keywords: Lichen Planus, Oral, Adrenergic Receptors, Adrenoceptors, saliva