distant retrograde orbit
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2020 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 365-374
Author(s):  
K. Nishimura ◽  
S. Satoh ◽  
K. Yamada


2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 932-952
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Gao ◽  
Xi-Yun Hou

AbstractWith more and more missions around the Moon, a communication/navigation constellation around the Moon is necessary. Halo orbits, due to their unique geometry, are extensively studied by researchers for this purpose. A dedicated survey is carried out in this work to analyse the coverage ability of halo orbits. It is found that a two-satellite constellation is enough for continuous one-fold coverage of the north or the south polar regions but never both. A three-satellite constellation is enough for continuous one-fold coverage of both north and south polar regions. A four-satellite constellation can cover nearly 100% of the whole lunar surface. In addition, the coverage ability of another special orbit – distant retrograde orbit (DRO) – is analysed for the first time in this study. It is found that three satellites on DROs can cover 99·8% of the lunar surface, with coverage gaps at polar caps. A four-satellite constellation moving on spatial DROs can cover nearly the whole lunar surface. By combining halo orbits and DROs, we design a five-satellite constellation composed of three halo orbit satellites and two DRO satellites. This constellation can provide 100% continuous one-fold coverage of the whole lunar surface.



2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsea M. Welch ◽  
Jeffrey S. Parker ◽  
Caley Buxton


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