Many studies examine how changes (disturbances) to the abiotic environment alter the intensity of species interactions by directly changing the numbers of individuals involved in the interaction but few studies examine how the abiotic environment affects how strongly individuals interact with each other. We conducted an experiment to evaluate how pond hydroperiod affected the ability of two larval anuran species ( Hyla squirella and Bufo terrestris ) to interact with intraspecific and interspecific competitors. Pond hydroperiod altered how an increase in the abundance of intraspecific competitors affected fitness components of B. terrestris but not for H. squirella. Specifically, an increase in intraspecific abundance caused a reduction in B. terrestris survivorship in short hydroperiod ponds but had no effect on fitness components of B. terrestris in long hydroperiod ponds. Interspecific competition did not occur between these species in either short or long hydroperiod ponds. Our study highlights the point that the strength of density-dependent processes operating in the aquatic environment can depend on pond hydroperiod. Consequently, the extent to which processes operating in the aquatic environment contribute to the regulation of population and metapopulation size for amphibians will also likely depend on pond hydroperiod.
