Optimal design and biomechanical simulation analysis of femoral stem based on trabecular bone structure

Background:In orthopaedic clinical treatment, the rigidity mismatch between prosthesis and bone will cause stress shielding phenomenon, affecting bone growth and leading to aseptic loosening and prosthesis failure, and thus a more serious secondary fracture.Purpose:In this paper, the femur stem finite element model of human body standing on one foot and two feet was established, and the biomechanical properties of femur stems with three different structural designs were compared and analyzed, so as to provide theoretical guidance for the structural design and finite element simulation of femur stem.Method: Round-hole femoral stem model and trabecular structural model were established via 3-matic software based on solid femoral stem model. Meshing work was performed by the finite element pre-processing software Hypermesh. The finite element analysis software Abaqus is introduced to analyze the mechanical characteristics of the models for simulating the two different motion conditions of human standing on one foot and on two feet. Results and discussion: The results showed that stress concentration occurred in the femoral neck of all the prostheses with different motion conditions. The stress and displacement values of the three prosthesis models are about twice as much as those of the two-feet models when standing on one foot. The stress and displacement values of the trabecular femoral stem prosthesis were. The stress distribution of femoral stem prosthesis with trabecular bone structure was more uniform, and the force conduction was more obvious, which can effectively reduce the stress shielding effect and was beneficial to the patients’ rehabilitation.