Combined malformation of the biliary tract

Anomalies in the biliary tract development are a relatively rare pathology in the practice of a pediatric surgeon. A combination of two or more defects of the biliary tract is even less common. The article presents literature data and own clinical observation of a child with a combination of a cyst of the common bile, or hepatic, duct (common bile duct) and an additional bile duct. The anatomical structure of the biliary tract was identified before surgery using magnetic resonance cholangiography. Based on the analysis of literature data and our own observation, we propose an algorithm for diagnostic measures in children with malformations of the biliary tract, which helps to avoid intraoperative injuries.

The role of gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance cholangiography in the evaluation of postoperative bile duct injury: pictorial essay

Iatrogenic lesion of the bile ducts is a relatively common occurrence during liver surgery, increasing morbidity and mortality rates. T2-weighted magnetic resonance cholangiography and gadoxetic acid-enhanced functional magnetic resonance cholangiography (fMRC) with administration of hepatobiliary-specific contrast medium (gadoxetic acid) are fundamental to the diagnostic imaging approach in patients with such lesions. Here, we present a review of the literature and suggest an imaging approach to biliary tract injury, focusing on clinical cases in which fMRC had an impact on the decision-making process for the management of the affected patients.