Detection of fake-video uploaders on social media using Naive Bayesian model with social cues

With the rapid development of the Internet, the wide circulation of disinformation has considerably disrupted the search and recognition of information. Despite intensive research devoted to fake text detection, studies on fake short videos that inundate the Internet are rare. Fake videos, because of their quick transmission and broad reach, can increase misunderstanding, impact decision-making, and lead to irrevocable losses. Therefore, it is important to detect fake videos that mislead users on the Internet. Since it is difficult to detect fake videos directly, we probed the detection of fake video uploaders in this study with a vision to provide a basis for the detection of fake videos. Specifically, a dataset consisting of 450 uploaders of videos on diabetes and traditional Chinese medicine was constructed, five features of the fake video uploaders were proposed, and a Naive Bayesian model was built. Through experiments, the optimal feature combination was identified, and the proposed model reached a maximum accuracy of 70.7%.

Single-Molecule View of Small RNA–Guided Target Search and Recognition

Most everyday processes in life involve a necessity for an entity to locate its target. On a cellular level, many proteins have to find their target to perform their function. From gene-expression regulation to DNA repair to host defense, numerous nucleic acid–interacting proteins use distinct target search mechanisms. Several proteins achieve that with the help of short RNA strands known as guides. This review focuses on single-molecule advances studying the target search and recognition mechanism of Argonaute and CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) systems. We discuss different steps involved in search and recognition, from the initial complex prearrangement into the target-search competent state to the final proofreading steps. We focus on target search mechanisms that range from weak interactions, to one- and three-dimensional diffusion, to conformational proofreading. We compare the mechanisms of Argonaute and CRISPR with a well-studied target search system, RecA.