Activities Of The Yakutsk Geophysical Observatory (Cosmic Ray Laboratory) In 1928–1962

The relevance of the research topic is related to the generalization of the Soviet experience in formation and development of cosmophysical research in Yakutia over several decades, from the activities of weather stations to the creation of the Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy of the Yakutsk Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The formation of the network of 23 stationary meteorological and upper-air stations and the Geophysical Observatory is disclosed. The first stage of the activity of these institutions was identified as of high practical importance in the development of aviation, gold mining industry on Aldan and Amur-Yakutsk highway construction.The second stage was characteristic by innovative developments of Yakut scientists as semiconductor devices for artificial Earth satellites, cameras for shooting auroras, and an ionization camera for continuous registration of cosmic rays, that received worldwide recognition. Study of radiation situation in near-Earth space during solar flares and high-altitude thermonuclear explosions testified, that Yakutia contributed to increasing of the country's defense capability. Particular attention is paid to the activities of the station on Bolshoy Lyakhovsky Island of the Novosibirsk Islands, which served Arctic aviation flights and coastal navigation along the Northern Sea Route.

VLF – RECORDER FOR THE STUDY OF NATURAL RADIO EMISSION

С целью исследования естественных щумовых электромагнитных излучений в Институте космофизических исследований и распространения радиоволн ДВО РАН разработан и создан ОНЧрегистратор, установленный на Камчатке, в экспедиционном пункте Карымшина. Непрерывные наблюдения, проведенные с помощью ОНЧ регистратора, позволили исследовать различные геофизические эффекты, связанные с распространением радиоволн, грозовой активностью, землетрясениями, циклонами. In order to study the natural noise electromagnetic radiation at the Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radio Wave Propagation FEB RAS, a VLFrecorder was developed, created and installed in Kamchatka, in the expedition point Karymshina. Continuous observations carried out with the help of VLFregistrator allowed to study various geophysical effects associated with the propagation of radio waves, thunderstorm activity, earthquakes, cyclones.

VLF LIGHTNING DIRECTION FINDER

Для исследования мощных электромагнитных излучений от гроз в Институте космофизических исследований и распространения радиоволн ДВО РАН создан ОНЧ пеленгатор, способный записывать сигналы электрических и магнитных компонент электромагнитного поля, определять направления прихода излучений в реальном времени. С помощью ОНЧпеленгатора на Камчатке исследованы эффекты, связанные с грозовыми источниками. For the study of powerful electromagnetic radiation from thunderstorms, a VLF direction finder was created at the Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radio Wave Propagation of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, capable of recording signals of electrical and magnetic components of the electromagnetic field, and determining the direction of radiation arrival in real time. With the help of VLF direction finder in Kamchatka, the effects associated with thunderstorm sources are investigated.

Algorithms and results of streaming whistler recognition

Algorithms for streaming whistler recognition are offered. Different stages of algorithms are considered. The developed algorithms are used on a mini-computer software and hardware complexes for monitoring very low-frequency electromagnetic radiation at the Karymshina station in Kamchatka, on Oybenkel Geophysical Observatory of the Yu.G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy (the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)), as well as recognition of whistlers is performed on the basis of open access data of abelian.org VLF station network in Todmorden United Kingdom (53,703N, 2.072W), Bielefeld Germany (52.146N, 8.458E), Cumiana Italy (44.96N, 7.42E), Warsaw Poland (52.16313N, 21.03094E), Australia Heathcote (36.804163S 144.67559E). Our whistler recognition results allowed us to establish on the days of strong whistler activity, there is an average positive correlation between the number of whistlers registered at Karymshino station in minutes of a day and the number of lightning strokes registered by WWLLN global network in minutes of a day in the coordinate rectangle LAT 25S-45S, LON 140E-160E (Australia).