Research of the application of hydrogen as a fuel to improve energy and environmental performance of gas turbine plants

THE PURPOSE. To consider various variants of thermal schemes of power plants and to assess the main technical and economic parameters. The article presents the results of the development of schemes of electric power plants with a capacity of up to 100 kW with a steam-generating hydrogen-oxygen plant for modeling and selecting effective options for thermal schemes of microgeneration power plants at the stage of design and development of energy systems. METHODS. The analysis of the proposed variants of thermal schemes with a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator, including circuit solutions of micro-gas turbine installations with a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator, a scheme of a steam-gas installation with a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator and intermediate steam superheating, a scheme of a steam-turbine installation with a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator, a scheme of a steam-turbine installation with a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator and a single-stage intermediate steam superheating, is performed, the scheme of a steam turbine installation with a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator and an intermediate superheat of steam and a steam cooler. RESULTS. A variant of the thermal scheme is proposed, which will allow determining the approach to estimating the fuel component of the production cost of heat and electricity for domestic power plants. The article describes a chemical method for producing hydrogen under laboratory conditions in hydrogen generators based on the hydrolysis of a solid reagent-aluminum-in a reaction vessel, in which the contact of aluminum particles occurs in the liquid phase of an aqueous solution of caustic soda. A feature of the proposed method is the possibility of regulating the flow rates in the supply lines of an aqueous suspension of aluminum and an aqueous solution of caustic soda, which can significantly improve the quality of regulation and reduce the cost of operating such systems. To a large extent, the creation of such systems becomes possible if there is a demand for the generated electrical energy, which determines the need to ensure high values of technical and economic indicators of the operation of power plants. CONCLUSHION. Calculated estimates have shown that the specific consumption of conventional fuel for the production of electric energy by microgeneration systems based on gas turbine units with a hydrogen generator with a capacity of 5-100 kW ranges from 0.098 to 0.117 kg/kWh.

Retrofitting Gas Turbine Units Parabolic Trough Concentrated Solar Power for Sustainable Electricity Generation

Shamsl is hybrid solar/natural-gas concentrated solar power (CSP) plants. The plant is also integrated with a booster gas-fired-heaters for steam superheating. In addition to direct fire-heaters to the heat transfer fluid (HTF) for supplying thermal energy during the night or whenever the solar irradiance level is dimmed. However, there is a more sustainable way to avoid power-generation-outages caused by transient weather conditions without a significant plant reconstruction, i.e. integration with gas turbines. In this study, a thermodynamic model of Shamsl integration with gas turbines is developed to investigate the gas turbine capacity and the exergitic efficiency of the supplied gas with and without the gas turbine involvement. The HTF heaters will receive the needed thermal energy from the gas turbines exhaust gases instead of the direct fire-heater (case1). Another potential is replacing the booster fire heaters with the gas turbine system as well. (case2). A parametric study is conducted to determine the size and the requirements of a gas turbine system for the specified power target demand in addition to a feasibility study for the proposed system. The results showed that using two gas turbines for the HTF heater significantly improved the overall efficiency and reduces the CO2 emission. Replacing the booster heater with two gas turbines improves the efficiency up to excess air factor of 2.5.