Apatite-staffelite ore flotation efficiency improvement using two-stage slurry thickening

The studies were performed suggesting that the cause of P2O5 losses during apatite-staffelite ores (ASO) treatment are due to non-selective flocculation of fine classes during flotation. When using strong flocculants, special preparation of condensed slurries is necessary, ensuring their deflocculation before the flotation process. A scheme and mode of preparation of fine classes for the flotation process have been developed, including thickening of the classification overflows using strong anionic flocculants and deflocculation of the thickened product before the flotation process with reagents-dispersants used in the basic flotation mode. A mode of preparation of slimes of ASO ores for flotation is proposed, including thickening of the discharge of the classification operation using the anionic flocculant “Praestol-2540”, conditioning of the condensed product with additions of liquid glass and caustic soda in a ratio of 1 : 1, dilution and re-thickening of deflocculated slimes, consolidation and flotation thickened sludge and sand. The big laboratory tests have shown that the application of the developed regime provides a total increase in the extraction of P2O5 from ore from 70,1 to 71,5 % with an increase in the P2O5 content in apatite concentrate from 37,1 to 37,8 %, which makes the developed technology promising for processing refractory ASO at Kovdorsky GOK.

The neutralizing of Acidic Wastewater Produced From Trinitrotoluene (TNT) Factory by Rock granules

Acidic wastewater treatment for the TNT factory which located in the middle of the mountains is characterized by part of its nature with alkaline properties, which prompted the researcher to take advantage of it in the treatment of acidic water instead of caustic soda. Acidic waste water is originated from spent acid treatment building, nitration, purification building, drying and packing building in TNT factory. The objective of this study is to use treated Acidic water TNT Factory by rock granules. Acidic waste water is mixed together with rock granules lye after crushed process of these rocks. The results the pH value of water after neutralizing reaction showed a significant rise in pH from 1.20 to 7. 00. This is within the SSMO. These data included reduction in BOD from 30.00 to 7.00 mg/l which is also within the range of SSMO. The COD value of the acidic wastewater which is 65.00 mg/l to 11 mg/l which is also within the range of SSMO. The use of rock granules for treatment will save an amount 9.45kg/t of caustic soda per ton of product TNT product.

Qualitative assessment of caustic soda injury in Liberia

ObjectivesThis study explored lye (caustic soda, sodium hydroxide) use in Liberia, knowledge about its risks and injury prevention programmes.DesignA qualitative semistructured interview study.SettingFocus groups occurred in six Liberian counties between April and August 2016.PatientsTwo previously identified stakeholder groups included parents of children under 5 years and adults identifying as soap makers.InterventionsInterview guides were written. Participants were recruited by convenience and snowball sampling. Transcribed audio-recorded discussions were analysed using the constant comparative approach.Main outcome measuresParticipants were enrolled until thematic saturation was reached.ResultsNinety-six adults participated. Participants described how lye entered the home, its use, storage, lye-related injuries and treatments, and injury prevention programmes.ConclusionsLye is commonly used and stored in Liberian homes despite recognition of its danger. A successful injury prevention programme must interrupt this cycle and find programming and legislative change to which the community is receptive.

Obtaining Caustic Soda and Burkeite by Caustification of Mixture of Corbonate and Sodium Sulphate

The optimal technological parameters for the production of caustic soda from sodium carbonate and sulfate and calcium hydroxide have been established. The influence of the concentration of lime milk on the rate of filtration by sediment and filtrate has been studied. Purpose of the Work: The purpose of this work is to determine the physicochemical basis for the production of sodium hydroxide and burkeite by causticization of sodium carbonate and sulfate. Scientific Novelty: In comparison with the known works, a theoretical profoanalytical analysis of the one-cation of four-component system and its constituents was carried out for the first time, and also determined the optimal technological parameters of causticization of solutions for local carbonates and sodium sulfates. Features of the Work: - the influence of the main technological parameters on the processes of causticization, filtration, evaporation; - research of intermediate and finished products by modern physicochemical methods; - study of the rheological properties of the solution depending on the temperature and concentration of the resulting solutions.

Isolation of Natural Acid Base Indicator from the Flower Extract of Sarca Asoca, Abelmoschus Esulentus, Hibisucs Cannabinus And Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis

The objective of this work is to use more plant indicators than chemical based indicators. Saraca asoca is a species of family Fabaceae and Abelmoschus esculentus and Hibiscus cannabinus is a species of family Malvaceae [1]. Indicator are very special chemicals, they change colour of the solution with change in pH by adding acid or alkali. In the present work acid base titration has been performed by using natural indicators. The natural indicator is prepared from the most commonly occurring flower Hibiscus cannabinus, Abelmoschus esculentus Saraca asoca and Hibiscus Rosa sinensis. Aqueous and methanolic extract of flower were used as natural indicator. One acid one base were selected for acid base titration. Vinegar is used as acid and caustic soda is used as base. The results obtained by the natural indicator are almost similar to the result given by the synthetic indicators. Thus, natural indicator from flowers can be used for acid base titration [2]. Using aqueous extract of flower as indicator is more economical and with the same accuracy of result as that given by synthetic indicators.