Thiazole-substituted non-symmetrical metallophthalocyanines: synthesis, characterization, electrochemical and heavy metal ion sensing properties

Novel non-symmetrical metallophthalocyanines with a thiazole functional group were prepared. Their redox properties and heavy metal ion sensing performances were fully investigated.

Mechanistic insights into heavy metal ion sensing by NOS2-macrocyclic fluorosensors via the structure-function relationship: influences of fluorophores, solvents and anions

The sensing properties of heavy metal ions by macrocycle-based fluorosensors are sensitive not only to cation–receptors and cation–fluorophore interactions but also to cation–anion (endo/exo-coordination modes) and/or cation–solvent interactions.

Application of the Langmuir Technique to Study the Response of C-dec-9-en-1-ylcalix[4]resorcinarene and C-undecylcalix[4]resorcinarene Ultra-thin Films' Interactions with Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+ Cations Present in the Subphase

The calix[4]resorcinarene macrocycles are excellent oligomers for the design of amphiphilic derivatives; they can form self-assemblies and stable sensing networks. Owing to their favorable properties, they are the focus of many exploitations and studies ranging from biological controls to heavy metal ion sensing. In this perspective, two calix[4]resorcinarene derivatives, namely: C-dec-9-en-1-ylcalix[4]resorcinarene (ionophore I) and C-undecylcalix[4]resorcinarene (ionophore II) were used to form stable ultra-thin Langmuir monolayer films at the air/water interface; their interactions with different harmful metal cations (Cd2+, Pb2+, Hg2+, and Cu2+) were studied and highlighted via the pressure-area (Π-A) isotherms. The obtained results in the current investigation showed a dependence of both macrocycle interactions on the metal cation concentration in the subphase, confirming their complexation. In addition, the ionophore (I) exhibited high selectivity towards Pb2+ and Cu2+ cations, whereas the ionophore (II) showed tendency to bind with Cu2+ cations over others, approving the potential applicability of these macrocycles as ion selective chemical sensors.

Fabrication of surface renewable carbon microelectrode arrays and their application in heavy metal ion sensing

In this paper, surface renewable carbon microelectrode arrays (MEAs) were developed using microfabrication technology and were successfully applied in heavy metal ion sensing.