Oenothera flaemingina (Onagraceae) – nowy gatunek we florze Krakowa

In August 2019 the first locality of Oenothera flaemingina was discovered in Kraków (GPS coordinates 50°05′08.5″N, 19°58′50.2″E; ATPOL cartogram unit: EF60). It was found growing in wasteland near Bora-Komorowskiego Street.

Pleurospermum austriacum (Apiaceae) – nowy górski gatunek we florze Wyżyny Częstochowskiej

In May 2018, Pleurospermum austriacum (L.) Hoffm. was found in the Skały Kroczyckie hills (Wyżyna Częstochowska Upland, S Poland; Fig. 1). The population consisted of 47 plants, including 11 flowering ones, growing in Dentario enneaphyllidis-Fagetum forest. In 2019 only 55 vegetative plants were observed at this locality, probably due to a prolonged spring drought. In Poland, P. austriacum occurs mainly in the Carpathians and Sudetes in tall-herb communities of the class Betulo-Adenostyletea; its occurrence outside mountainous areas consists of relict populations from the Pleistocene glacial (Vistulian). In the last fifty years, more than half of the previously known localities of P. austriacum in the Małopolska Upland and Wyżyna Krakowsko-Częstochowska Upland have disappeared. Climatic changes are considered the main threat to relict lowland populations of P. austriacum in Poland.

Rośliny naczyniowe obcego pochodzenia zadomowione w lasach Polski

The forest environment is considered to be more resistant to penetration by alien plant species than other terrestrial environments, which generally are significantly modified by humans. A major environmental threat to vegetation is posed by alien species that are capable of spontaneous expansion in natural or semi-natural communities, and above all in forests. This paper presents a naturalization scale of alien vascular plants in forests of Poland, based on knowledge of species classified as naturalized elements of the Polish flora. Using the research results and observations of other authors, as well as literature data, a list of 180 taxa of such plants was compiled. The classification uses the following categories: life form, systematic affiliation, and origin or status in the Polish flora. The analysis revealed that not all of the considered alien species showed an ability to penetrate forest communities and that only a few of them have developed stable populations in the best-preserved natural and semi-natural phytocoenoses. About 20% of the anthropophytes found in forest communities strongly affect the composition and structure of the forest phytocoenoses.