Effects of Out-of-School Care on Sex Initiation Among Young Adolescents in Low-Income Central City Neighborhoods

This research aims to analyze how modes of transportation differ according to socio-economic factors in an urban space. The study area is Ramsey County, the most densely populated county in Minnesota. The primary data used were from the recent 2012–2016 Census Transportation Planning Products (CTPP). We performed regression models to identify the relationship between mode of transport and socio-economic variables, and further analyzed disaggregate trip data to provide a more realistic evaluation of commuting patterns by use of multiple variables in combination. The research found that sustainable commuting patterns correlated significantly with both poverty and minority group status, but bore no significant relationship to older workers. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between commuting alone by car with both minority group status and older workers, but not with poverty. This research also confirmed that the sustainable commuting patterns of the working poor were mostly located in the downtown area, while causes of low-income workers driving alone typically involved much longer commutes to and from points throughout the study area, suggesting that more efficient commutes are a significant quality of life factor for the urban poor when evaluating residential and employment opportunities in the central city.

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Low-Income Children's After-School Care: Are There Beneficial Effects of After-School Programs?

Child Development ◽

10.2307/1131395 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 65 (2) ◽

pp. 440 ◽

Cited By ~ 150

Author(s):

Jill K. Posner ◽

Deborah Lowe Vandell

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

After School Programs ◽

After School ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

School Programs ◽

School Care ◽

After School Care

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Developmental changes in impacts of an antipoverty experiment on low-income children’s structured out-of-school time.

Developmental Psychology ◽

10.1037/a0030978 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 49 (9) ◽

pp. 1763-1774 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sylvia R. Epps ◽

Aletha C. Huston ◽

Kaeley C. Bobbitt

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Developmental Changes ◽

Out Of School Time ◽

School Time ◽

Out Of School

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Location Patterns of Section 8 Housing in Jefferson County, Kentucky

Geospatial Technologies and Advancing Geographic Decision Making ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-0258-8.ch013 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 170-187

Author(s):

Wei Song ◽

Karl Keeling

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Public Transportation ◽

Central City ◽

Jefferson County ◽

Predominantly Black ◽

Section 8 ◽

Section 8 Housing ◽

Location Patterns ◽

Black Residents ◽

Low Income Families

The controversial Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher program is the largest federal low-income housing program. Using GIS-based spatial clustering analysis (Getis–Ord’s Gi statistic) and multiple linear regressions, in this paper, the authors examine the locational patterns of more than 13,600 Section 8 housing units in Jefferson County, Kentucky, and explore key social, economic, demographic, and locational factors underlying the spatial distribution of Section 8 housing. The findings reveal that Section 8 housing continues to concentrate in the central city area with predominantly black residents, a high proportion of families in poverty, and abundant low-cost properties. The Section 8 voucher policy has failed to successfully de-concentrate poor families from these urban areas. Residential mobility of low-income families has been restricted by various factors, most important of which is the lack of accessibility to public transportation across the metropolitan area.

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Out-of-school childcare: Exploring availability and quality in EU member states

Journal of European Social Policy ◽

10.1177/0958928716672174 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 25-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Janneke Plantenga ◽

Chantal Remery

Keyword(s):

Participation Rate ◽

Well Being ◽

Structural Quality ◽

Implicit Assumption ◽

Full Time ◽

Member States ◽

Eu Member States ◽

School Care ◽

Out Of School

While a large number of studies focus on childcare facilities for preschool children, attention for out-of-school facilities is limited. The implicit assumption seems to be that facilities to combine work and care activities are less relevant once children reach the schoolgoing age. Yet, in most countries school hours are only part-time and not compatible with a full-time working week. This study adds to the literature by providing the first overview of the availability and quality of out-of-school childcare in 27 European Union (EU) member states. The results show that only a few EU countries have a well-developed infrastructure of out-of-school care services. In addition, the (structural) quality of out-of-school care varies across the member states. Given the importance of a supportive infrastructure, a further investment in comprehensive out-of-school care system remains important, both from the perspective of the (female) participation rate and the well-being of children.

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