Red Belt, Black Belt: Racial Division, Class Inequality and the State in the French Urban Periphery and the American Ghetto

2008 ◽  
pp. 234-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loc J. D. Wacquant
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Black Belt ◽  
Class Inequality ◽  
Urban Periphery

scholarly journals Wealth wars: how productivity gaps explain democratic erosion in advanced economies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Joan C. Timoneda
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Class Inequality ◽  
Economic Elite ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
The Us ◽  
Economic Elites ◽  
Productivity Gap

Abstract Why are democracies backsliding? I contend that a large productivity gap between economic groups motivates those with low productivity to capture the state for rent-seeking. They assess their relative position as weak and are willing to sacrifice certain democratic guarantees in exchange for favorable policies. Erosion takes two forms. (1) With high inter-class inequality and a large productivity gap among economic industries, losing economic elites capture the state through a political outsider who enacts favorable policy. Once in office, the outsider expands his personal executive control and attacks key democratic veto players. (2) When inter-class inequality is high but the inter-industry productivity gap is small, a united economic elite coordinate to stop a populist takeover. Traditional political elites respond to the populist threat by curtailing basic freedoms of speech and association. I use both quantitative and case study evidence from the US and Spain to support my main hypotheses.

Education, the state and class inequality:

2018 ◽  
pp. 167-182
Author(s):  
Enver Motala ◽  
Salim Vally ◽  
Rasigan Maharajh
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Class Inequality

Practical Picture Processing

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
T. A. Welton
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Coherence Length ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Coherent Radiation ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Spread ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Picture Processing ◽  
Molecular Skeleton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.

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