Patterns of Clay Mineral Diagenesis in Interbedded Mudrocks and Sandstones: An Example from the Palaeocene of the North Sea

2009 ◽  
pp. 129-145
Author(s):  
H. F. Shaw ◽  
D. M. Conybeare
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
North Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

Volcanogenic clays in Jurassic and Cretaceous strata of England and the North Sea Basin

Clay Minerals ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. V. Jeans ◽  
D. S. Wray ◽  
R. J. Merriman ◽  
M. J. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Clay Mineral ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Hydrothermal Fluids ◽  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
The North ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Thermal Doming

AbstractThe nature and origin of authigenic clay minerals and silicate cements in the Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments of England and the North Sea are discussed in relation to penecontemporaneous volcanism in and around the North Sea Basin. Evidence, including new REE data, suggests that the authigenic clay minerals represent the argillization of volcanic ash under varying diagenetic conditions, and that volcanic ash is a likely source for at least the early silicate cements in many sandstones. The nature and origin of smectite-rich, glauconite-rich, berthierine-rich and kaolin-rich volcanogenic clay mineral deposits are discussed. Two patterns of volcanogenic clay minerals facies are described. Pattern A is related to ash argillization in the non-marine and marine environments. Pattern B is developed by the argillization of ash concentrated in the sand and silt facies belts in the seas bordering ash-covered islands and massifs. It is associated with regression/ transgression cycles which may be related to thermal doming and associated volcanism, including the submarine release of hydrothermal fluids rich in Fe. The apparent paucity of volcanogenic clay deposits in the Jurasssic and Early Cretaceous sediments of the North Sea is discussed.

Clay mineral distribution and provenance in Mesozoic and Tertiary mudrocks of the Moray Firth and northern North Sea

Clay Minerals ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Volcanic Material ◽  
The North ◽  
Moray Firth ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Northern North Sea ◽  
And Control

AbstractClay mineral abundances in Mesozoic and Tertiary argillaceous strata from 15 exploration wells in the Inner and Outer Moray Firth, Viking Graben and East Shetland Basins of the northern North Sea have been determined in <0·2 µm fractions of cuttings samples. The clay assemblages of more deeply-buried samples cannot be unambiguously related to sedimentary input because of the diagenetic overprint which may account for much of the chlorite and related interstratified minerals. Other sediments, discussed on a regional basis and related to the geological history of the basins, are interpreted in terms of clay mineral provenance and control by climate, tectonic and volcanic activity. The distribution of illite-smectite can often be related to volcanic activity both in the Forties area during the M. Jurassic, and on the NE Atlantic continental margin during the U. Cretaceous-Early Tertiary which affected the North Sea more widely and left a prominent record in the Viking Graben and East Shetland Basin. Kaolinite associated with lignite-bearing sediments in the Outer Moray Firth Basin was probably derived by alteration of volcanic material in lagoonal or deltaic environments. Some U. Jurassic and L. Cretaceous sediments of the Inner Moray Basin are rich in illite-smectite, the origin of which is not clear.

A rapid clay-mineral change in the earliest Priabonian of the North Sea Basin?

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
R. Saeys ◽  
A. Verheyen ◽  
N. Vandenberghe
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
North Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Mineral Associations ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Climatic Evolution

AbstractIn the Eocene to Oligocene transitional strata in Belgium, clay mineral associations vary in response to the climatic evolution and to tectonic pulses. Decreasing smectite to illite ratios and the systematic occurrence of illite-smectite irregular interlayers are consequences of a cooling climate. A marked increase in kaolinite content occurs just after a major unconformity formed at the Bartonian/Priabonian boundary and consequently is interpreted as resulting from the breakdown of uplifted saprolites.

New insight on the paleoclimatic evolution in the Boreal Realm at the onset of the Early Cretaceous chalk sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlette Blok ◽  
Alicia Fantasia ◽  
Kresten Anderskouv ◽  
Jon Ineson ◽  
Niklas Edvardsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Calcareous Nannofossils ◽  
Carbonate Production ◽  
The North ◽  
Paleoclimatic Changes ◽  
Mineral Assemblages ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Mineral Data ◽  
Boreal Realm

&lt;p&gt;During the Albian, the open marine carbonate production underwent a profound revolution with the onset of the dominance of planktonic production in the total carbonate budget. This led to the deposition of vast amounts of chalk across the world&amp;#8217;s Oceans as a result of the accumulation of large amounts of nannoplankton. The worldwide Upper Cretaceous white chalks are however not the first true chalks (i.e. deposits dominated by calcareous nannofossils) to be recorded in Earth&amp;#8217;s History. Already during the Barremian, chalks were deposited in the North Sea Central Graben. These chalks did not extend until the Albian, since a &amp;#8216;nannoconid crisis&amp;#8217; occurred at the onset of the early Aptian OAE-1a, with the deposition of an organic-rich marlstone layer named the Fischschiefer. To better understand if climatic changes have governed the occurrence of the Barremian true chalks and the switch to organic-rich marlstones during OAE-1a, we have reconstructed the evolution of climate in the North Sea Basin based on clay mineral assemblages. Clay mineral composition and distribution are proven indicators of paleo&amp;#173;climate and evolution of a basin as the formation of clay minerals in soils depends on the climate under which it develops. Hence, based on high-resolution clay mineral data from various cores from the North Sea, a paleoclimatic reconstruction of the late Hauterivian to early Aptian stratigraphic interval is proposed. Based on a long-term decrease of kaolinite content, a trend toward aridification is observed during the late Barremian, concordant with the development of the first true chalks. A sharp increase in kaolinite content is recorded at the onset of OAE-1a, with its highest peak occurring towards the end of the event. This suggest that a significant increase in humidity accompanies the unfolding of OAE-1a in the North Sea Basin. Further investigation is needed to confirm the hypothesis that paleoclimatic changes in the Boreal Realm are responsible for the onset of chalk deposition and the change in clay mineral assemblages.&lt;/p&gt;

Diagenetic chlorite formation in some Mesozoic shales from the Sleipner area of the North Sea

Clay Minerals ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Clay Mineralogy ◽  
Reliable Indicator ◽  
Burial Diagenesis ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Temperature Controlled ◽  
Mineral Transformations

AbstractDiagenetic chlorite is forming as a result of temperature-controlled burial diagenesis in shales from the Sleipner area of the North Sea. Accompanying chlorite diagenesis, kaolinite and illite-smectite decrease in abundance, and illite increases in abundance. These clay mineral transformations occur between 122–126°C at temperatures higher than normally expected for chlorite diagenesis. Kaolinite and ordered illite-smectite are largely unaffected by diagenesis below 100°C. It is proposed that chlorite diagenesis is thus delayed due to the absence of a source of ions resulting from smectite decomposition. Clay mineralogy is of no lithostratigraphic use in the Jurassic sediments of the Sleipner area. However, the zone of chlorite diagenesis is a reliable indicator of maximum burial temperature.

scholarly journals A rapid clay-mineral change in the earliest Priabonian of the North Sea Basin?

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Saeys ◽  
A. Verheyen ◽  
N. Vandenberghe
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
North Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Mineral Associations ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Climatic Evolution

AbstractIn the Eocene to Oligocene transitional strata in Belgium, clay mineral associations vary in response to the climatic evolution and to tectonic pulses. Decreasing smectite to illite ratios and the systematic occurrence of illite-smectite irregular interlayers are consequences of a cooling climate. A marked increase in kaolinite content occurs just after a major unconformity formed at the Bartonian/Priabonian boundary and consequently is interpreted as resulting from the breakdown of uplifted saprolites.

Clay mineral diagenesis in sedimentary basins — a key to the prediction of rock properties. Examples from the North Sea Basin

Clay Minerals ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bjørlykke
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Meteoric Water ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Rock Properties ◽  
The North ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Low Solubility

AbstractDissolution of feldspar and mica and precipitation of kaolinite require a through flow of meteoric water to remove cations such as Na+ and K+ and silica. Compaction driven pore-water flow is in most cases too slow to be significant in terms of transport of solids. The very low solubility of A1 suggests that precipitation of new authigenic clay minerals requires unstable Al-bearing precursor minerals. Chlorite may form diagenetically from smectite and from kaolinite when a source of Fe and Mg is present. In the North Sea Basin, the main phase of illite precipitation reducing the quality of Jurassic reservoirs occurs at depths close to 4 km (130-140°C) but the amount of illite depends on the presence of both kaolinite and K-feldspar. Clay mineral reactions in shales and sandstones are very important factors determining mechanical and chemical compaction and are thus critical for realistic basin modelling.

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