Summary. Purpose. Conduct an anatomical examination of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and its branches and determine the paths of collateral venous blood flow.
Materials and methods. An anatomical examination of the IVC and its branches was performed on 27 corpses as a result of autopsy. The bodies of the corpses were hypostenic-normosthenic type. The organ complex was eviscerated by the Shore method. The degree of IVC coverage by the liver in relation to the circumference of the IVC was determined. Measurements of the total length of the IVC and for each of the individual 6 segments of the IVC were performed. The hepatic and lumbar veins were studied and the paths of collateral venous blood flow were analyzed.
Results and discussion. The average length of IVC in the infrarenal segment was 107.6 mm, in the retrohepatic — 59.3 mm, in the suprarenal — 26.2 mm, in the interrenal — 23.4 mm, in the infradiaphragm — 15.2 mm, in the supradiaphragm — 12.0 mm, along the entire subdiaphragm segment — 197.8 mm. The coverage of IVC by the liver by 1/2 of its circumference was detected in 13 (48.1 %), by 2/3 — in 11 (40.7 %), by 1/3 — in 2 (7.4 %), by the whole length – in 1 (3.7 %) cases. Up to 23 venous trunks flow into the retrohepatic part of the IVC. The avascular area is located under the main hepatic veins with an average length of 13.1 mm and under the right renal vein with an average length of 17.8 mm. In 92.6 % of cases, the lumbar veins had an odd nature of confluence with the IVC – one common trunk.
Conclusions: The anatomical study presented new knowledge of the clinical anatomy of IVС branches.
Development of the coronary arteries in the embryonic human heart.
