The mechanochemical N-alkylation of imide derivatives was studied. Reactions under solvent-free conditions in a ball mill gave good yields and could be put in place of the classical solution conditions. The method is general and can be applied to various imides and alkyl halides. Phthalimides prepared under ball milling conditions were used in a mechanochemical Gabriel synthesis of amines by their reaction with 1,2-diaminoethane.
Green and Effective One-Pot Synthesis of 5-Oxo-pyrazolidine and 5-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-Pyrazole Derivatives through Ball Milling Under Catalyst-Free and Solvent-Free Conditions