HAFTA: Highly adaptive fault‐tolerant routing algorithm for two‐dimensional network‐on‐chips

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Ipek ◽  
Suleyman Tosun ◽  
Suat Ozdemir
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Network

scholarly journals Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Routing in 2D Mesh with Cracky Rectangular Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yi Yang ◽  
Meirun Chen ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Lian Li
Keyword(s):  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Formal Proof ◽  
Fault Recovery ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
New Model ◽  
Fully Adaptive ◽  
Block Construction ◽  
Rectangular Model

This paper mainly focuses on routing in two-dimensional mesh networks. We propose a novel faulty block model, which is cracky rectangular block, for fault-tolerant adaptive routing. All the faulty nodes and faulty links are surrounded in this type of block, which is a convex structure, in order to avoid routing livelock. Additionally, the model constructs the interior spanning forest for each block in order to keep in touch with the nodes inside of each block. The procedure for block construction is dynamically and totally distributed. The construction algorithm is simple and ease of implementation. And this is a fully adaptive block which will dynamically adjust its scale in accordance with the situation of networks, either the fault emergence or the fault recovery, without shutdown of the system. Based on this model, we also develop a distributed fault-tolerant routing algorithm. Then we give the formal proof for this algorithm to guarantee that messages will always reach their destinations if and only if the destination nodes keep connecting with these mesh networks. So the new model and routing algorithm maximize the availability of the nodes in networks. This is a noticeable overall improvement of fault tolerability of the system.

scholarly journals Exponential suppression of bit or phase errors with cyclic error correction

Nature ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 595 (7867) ◽  
pp. 383-387
Author(s):  
◽  
Zijun Chen ◽  
Kevin J. Satzinger ◽  
Juan Atalaya ◽  
Alexander N. Korotkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Error Detection ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Quantum Error Correction ◽  
Superconducting Qubits ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Logical Error ◽  
Quantum Error ◽  
Logical Qubit

AbstractRealizing the potential of quantum computing requires sufficiently low logical error rates1. Many applications call for error rates as low as 10−15 (refs. 2–9), but state-of-the-art quantum platforms typically have physical error rates near 10−3 (refs. 10–14). Quantum error correction15–17 promises to bridge this divide by distributing quantum logical information across many physical qubits in such a way that errors can be detected and corrected. Errors on the encoded logical qubit state can be exponentially suppressed as the number of physical qubits grows, provided that the physical error rates are below a certain threshold and stable over the course of a computation. Here we implement one-dimensional repetition codes embedded in a two-dimensional grid of superconducting qubits that demonstrate exponential suppression of bit-flip or phase-flip errors, reducing logical error per round more than 100-fold when increasing the number of qubits from 5 to 21. Crucially, this error suppression is stable over 50 rounds of error correction. We also introduce a method for analysing error correlations with high precision, allowing us to characterize error locality while performing quantum error correction. Finally, we perform error detection with a small logical qubit using the 2D surface code on the same device18,19 and show that the results from both one- and two-dimensional codes agree with numerical simulations that use a simple depolarizing error model. These experimental demonstrations provide a foundation for building a scalable fault-tolerant quantum computer with superconducting qubits.

An efficient fault-tolerant routing algorithm in NoCs to tolerate permanent faults

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 4629-4650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Akbar ◽  
Ali Asghar Etedalpour ◽  
Farshad Safaei
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Permanent Faults

scholarly journals Crystal structure of 2-nitro-N-(5-nitro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. o1252-o1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Moreno-Fuquen ◽  
Diego F. Sánchez ◽  
Javier Ellena
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Dihedral Angles ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Compound C ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Benzene Rings ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Amide Fragment

In the title compound, C10H6N4O5S, the mean plane of the non-H atoms of the central amide fragment C—N—C(=O)—C [r.m.s. deviation = 0.0294 Å] forms dihedral angles of 12.48 (7) and 46.66 (9)° with the planes of the thiazole and benzene rings, respectively. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [001]. In addition, weak C—H...O hydrogen bonds link these chains, forming a two-dimensional network, containingR44(28) ring motifs parallel to (100).

Poly[[μ2-1,3-bis(pyridin-4-yl)propane](μ3-1,4-phenylenediacetato)cadmium]

2012 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. m34-m36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Title Complex ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Solvothermal Reaction ◽  
Dimensional Chain ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Connected Network ◽  
Dimensional Network

Solvothermal reaction between Cd(NO3)2, 1,4-phenylenediacetate (1,4-PDA) and 1,3-bis(pyridin-4-yl)propane (bpp) afforded the title complex, [Cd(C10H8O4)(C13H14N2)]n. Adjacent carboxylate-bridged CdIIions are related by an inversion centre. The 1,4-PDA ligands adopt acisconformation and connect the CdIIions to form a one-dimensional chain extending along thecaxis. These chains are in turn linked into a two-dimensional network through bpp bridges. The bpp ligands adopt ananti–gaucheconformation. From a topological point of view, each bpp ligand and each pair of 1,4-PDA ligands can be considered as linkers, while the dinuclear CdIIunit can be regarded as a 6-connecting node. Thus, the structure can be simplified to a two-dimensional 6-connected network.

scholarly journals 6-Amino-3-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-5-carbonitrile

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. o875-o876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh Sharma ◽  
Goutam Brahmachari ◽  
Bubun Banerjee ◽  
Rajni Kant ◽  
Vivek K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Benzene Ring ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Pyrazole Ring ◽  
Ring System ◽  
Boat Conformation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Compound C ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Centroid Distance

In the title compound, C17H18N4O4, the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and 2,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole ring system is 89.41 (7)°. The pyran moiety adopts a strongly flattened boat conformation. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H...N, N—H...O, C—H...N and C—H...O hydrogen bonds into an infinite two-dimensional network parallel to (110). There are π–π interactions between the pyrazole rings in neighbouring layers [centroid–centroid distance = 3.621 (1) Å].

Metal-Betaine Interactions.XIV. Silver(I) 3-Carboxylato-1-pyridinioacetate Monohydrate, [Ag{C5H4(COO)NCH2.COO}]n.nH2O

1991 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
XM Chen ◽  
TCW Mak
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Atom ◽  
Water Molecule ◽  
Lattice Water Molecule ◽  
Membered Ring ◽  
Zigzag Chain ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Metal Centre ◽  
Lattice Water ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Tetrahedral Environment

The complex silver(I) 3-carboxylato-1-pyridinioacetate monohydrate, [Ag{C5H4(COO)NCH2.COO}]n.nH2O, crystallizes in space group P21/c (No. 14), with Z-4, a 12.233(6), b 5.049(1), c 14.418(7)Ǻ, and β 94.96(4)°; the structure was refined to RF -0.057 for 1721 observed [I ≥ 3σ(I)] Mo Kα data. The silver(I) atom is coordinated by four carboxylato oxygen atoms in a distorted tetrahedral environment [Ag-O 2.284(5)-2.570(5)Ǻ]. The tridentate acetato group bridges the Ag1 atoms into a zigzag chain featuring an uncommon [Ag2( carboxylato -O,O′)(carboxylato-μ-1,1-O)] six- membered ring, and the coordination sphere about each metal centre is completed by the unidentate aromatic carboxylato group, resulting in a two-dimensional network in the solid. The lattice water molecule forms hydrogen bonds with the uncoordinated oxygen atom of the aromatic carboxylato group [2.755(9)Ǻ] and the coordinated oxygen atom of the acetato group [2.936(9)Ǻ].

scholarly journals 2-Amino-3-carboxypyridinium perchlorate

2012 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. o1601-o1602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadila Berrah ◽  
Sofiane Bouacida ◽  
Hayet Anana ◽  
Thierry Roisnel
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Asymmetric Unit ◽  
Dimensional Network

The asymmetric unit includes two crystallographically independent equivalents of the title salt, C6H7N2O2 +·ClO4 −. The cations and anions form separate layers alternating along the c axis, which are linked by N—H...O, O—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds into a two-dimensional network parallel to (100). Further C—H...O contacts connect these layers, forming a three-dimensional network, in which R 4 4(20) rings and C 2 2(11) infinite chains can be identified.

scholarly journals Bis(2-methylpiperidinium) naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate

2012 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. o1733-o1733
Author(s):  
Qian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Asymmetric Unit ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Molecular Salt

In the structure of the title molecular salt, 2C6H14N+·C10H6O6S2 2−, the asymmetric unit consists of one 2-methylpiperidinium cation and one-half of a naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate anion; the anion lies across a centre of symmetry. In the crystal, the cations and anions are linked through N—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming a two-dimensional network.

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