scholarly journals High vagal tone and rapid extinction learning as potential transdiagnostic protective factors following childhood violence exposure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli S. Susman ◽  
David G. Weissman ◽  
Margaret A. Sheridan ◽  
Katie A. McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Violence Exposure ◽  
Vagal Tone ◽  
Extinction Learning ◽  
Rapid Extinction ◽  
Childhood Violence Exposure ◽  
Childhood Violence

scholarly journals Childhood violence exposure and social deprivation predict adolescent amygdala-orbitofrontal cortex white matter connectivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 100849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh G. Goetschius ◽  
Tyler C. Hein ◽  
Colter Mitchell ◽  
Nestor L. Lopez-Duran ◽  
Vonnie C. McLoyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Violence Exposure ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Childhood Violence Exposure ◽  
Childhood Violence ◽  
White Matter Connectivity

Differentiating Between Us & Them: Reduced In-Group Bias as a Novel Mechanism Linking Childhood Violence Exposure with Internalizing Psychopathology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven William Kasparek ◽  
Maya L. Rosen ◽  
Lucy A. Lurie ◽  
Mina Cikara ◽  
Kelly Sambrook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Information Processing ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Violence Exposure ◽  
Functional Coupling ◽  
Group Assignment ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Childhood Violence Exposure ◽  
Childhood Violence ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Strong in-group bonds may promote mental health across development. Violence exposure influences social information processing biases and may also relate to social categorization processes. We examined associations of violence exposure with psychopathology and behavioral and neural indices of implicit and explicit in-group bias after minimal group assignment in children followed longitudinally across three time points from ages 5 to 10 years old (n = 101). In a pre-registered analysis, violence exposure was associated with lower implicit in-group bias, which in turn was associated prospectively with higher internalizing symptoms and mediated the longitudinal association between violence exposure and internalizing symptoms. Violence-exposed children did not exhibit the negative functional coupling between the left vmPFC and left amygdala when classifying in-group vs. out-group members that was observed in children without violence exposure. Reduced implicit bias for one’s in-group may represent a novel mechanism linking violence exposure with the development of internalizing symptoms.

Sexual and Gender Minority Intimate Partner Violence and Childhood Violence Exposure

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051987555
Author(s):  
Adam M. Messinger ◽  
Christina Dyar ◽  
Rachel S. Birmingham ◽  
Michael E. Newcomb ◽  
Sarah W. Whitton
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Exposure ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Interparental Violence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Childhood Violence Exposure ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Childhood Violence

Limited research on female-assigned-at-birth sexual and gender minorities (FAB SGM) suggests that their risk of psychological, physical, and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and perpetration may be linked to childhood violence exposure (CVE), such as experiencing child abuse, or witnessing sibling or interparental abuse. That said, there is a dearth of research in this population examining whether there is typically a violence type match between CVE and IPV (e.g., physical CVE predicting physical IPV), a gender match between those involved in CVE and later IPV (e.g., witnessing the abuse of female parents predicting IPV among women), or an increase in IPV risk commensurate with the number of different CVE types experienced. Addressing these gaps, this article draws on the baseline survey data of FAB400, a merged cohort accelerated longitudinal study of 488 FAB SGM adolescents and young adults. Analyses focused on the subsample of 457 participants with prior intimate relationship experience. Findings revealed that each assessed form of CVE—parental verbal abuse victimization, parental physical maltreatment victimization, childhood sexual abuse victimization, witnessing sibling abuse, and witnessing interparental violence—predicted risk of IPV perpetration and victimization, without evidence of violence type match. Witnessing interparental violence was associated with IPV irrespective of the abused parent’s gender. In addition, exposure to a greater number of forms of CVE was associated with an increased risk of all types of IPV victimization and perpetration. Results offer preliminary evidence that the intergenerational transmission of violence is an applicable framework for FAB SGM, and as such this should be considered when screening and intervening for childhood, family, and partner violence in this population. Suggestions for future directions are discussed.

scholarly journals Association of Childhood Violence Exposure With Adolescent Neural Network Density

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. e2017850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh G. Goetschius ◽  
Tyler C. Hein ◽  
Sara S. McLanahan ◽  
Jeanne Brooks-Gunn ◽  
Vonnie C. McLoyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Violence Exposure ◽  
Network Density ◽  
Childhood Violence Exposure ◽  
Childhood Violence
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