Cross-species comparison of relative potencies and relative sensitivities of fishes to dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated biphenyls in vitro

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small RNA molecules which act as negative regulators of gene expression by controlling post-transcriptional regulation through binding to their corresponding mRNAs. Due to their small size, their nucleotide compositions are expected to be similar, but until now, the extent of similarity has not been reported in humans and their six phylogenetically closely related members of hominids. The present study allows direct comparison among six members of hominid species (Homosapiens, Gorillagorilla, Panpaniscus, Pongopygmaeus, Pantroglodytes and Symphalangussyndactylus) in terms of their miRNA repertoire, their evolutionary distance to human, as well as, the categorization of identical species-specific miRNAs. For this purpose, a total of 2694, 370, 157, 673, 590 and 10 mature miRNA sequences of Homosapiens, Gorillagorilla, Panpaniscus, Pongopygmaeus, Pantroglodytes and Symphalangussyndactylus respectively were retrieved from miRbase 22. A total of 12, 4, 4 and 3 conserved clusters with identical miRNA sequences that belong to the same gene families were found in Homosapiens, Gorillagorilla, Pongopygmaeus, Pantroglodytes respectively by neighbor-joining method using MEGA7 software. Interestingly, cross-species comparison has also shown a set of conserved identical miRNA sequences. Homologs of human mature miRNAs with 100% sequence identity are expected to have similar functions in the studied primates. Further in-vitro study is required to investigate common targets for identical miRNAs in the studied primates.

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Presystemic Metabolism of AZ’0908, A Novel mPGES-1 Inhibitor: An In Vitro and In Vivo Cross-Species Comparison

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1002/jps.23443 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 102 (3) ◽

pp. 1106-1115 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Johan Bylund ◽

Tjerk Bueters

Keyword(s):

Species Comparison ◽

Presystemic Metabolism ◽

Cross Species Comparison

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In Vitro Dermal Absorption of Pesticides: A Cross-Species Comparison Including Testskin

Journal of Toxicology Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology ◽

10.3109/15569529309036260 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 197-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Richard P. Moody

Keyword(s):

Dermal Absorption ◽

Species Comparison ◽

Cross Species Comparison

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Anticoagulant Properties of Three Mucopolysaccharides Used in Rheumatology

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1665279 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 50 (03) ◽

pp. 652-655 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F Bauer ◽

P Schulz ◽

G Reber ◽

C A Bouvier

Keyword(s):

Factor Xa ◽

Degenerative Joint Disease ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Thrombin Time ◽

Coagulation Tests ◽

Amplification System ◽

Relative Potencies ◽

In Vivo Administration

SummaryThree mucopolysaccharides (MPS) used in the treatment of degenerative joint disease were compared to heparin to establish their relative potencies on 3 coagulation tests, the aPTT, the antifactor X a activity and the dilute thrombin time. One of the compounds, Arteparon®, was one fourth as potent as heparin on the aPTT, but had little or no influence on the 2 other tests. Further in vitro studies suggested that Arteparon® acted at a higher level than factor Xa generation in the intrinsic amplification system and that its effect was independent of antithrombin III. In vivo administration of Arteparon® confirmed its anticoagulant properties, which raises the question of the clinical use of this MPS.

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A cross-species comparison: The efficacy of insect repellents and attractants

10.1603/ice.2016.113020 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Stacy D. Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

Species Comparison ◽

Insect Repellents ◽

Cross Species Comparison

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Degradation Products of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Their In Vitro Transformation by Ligninolytic Fungi

Toxics ◽

10.3390/toxics9040081 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Kamila Šrédlová ◽

Kateřina Šírová ◽

Tatiana Stella ◽

Tomáš Cajthaml

Keyword(s):

Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽

Extracellular Enzymes ◽

Degradation Products ◽

Transformation Products ◽

Irpex Lacteus ◽

Chlorobenzoic Acid ◽

Ligninolytic Fungi ◽

Wide Range ◽

Pcb Metabolites

Metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)—hydroxylated PCBs (OH‑PCBs), chlorobenzyl alcohols (CB‑OHs), and chlorobenzaldehydes (CB‑CHOs)—were incubated in vitro with the extracellular liquid of Pleurotus ostreatus, which contains mainly laccase and low manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP) activity. The enzymes were able to decrease the amount of most of the tested OH‑PCBs by > 80% within 1 h; the removal of more recalcitrant OH‑PCBs was greatly enhanced by the addition of the laccase mediator syringaldehyde. Conversely, glutathione substantially hindered the reaction, suggesting that it acted as a laccase inhibitor. Hydroxylated dibenzofuran and chlorobenzoic acid were identified as transformation products of OH‑PCBs. The extracellular enzymes also oxidized the CB‑OHs to the corresponding CB‑CHOs on the order of hours to days; however, the mediated and nonmediated setups exhibited only slight differences, and the participating enzymes could not be determined. When CB‑CHOs were used as the substrates, only partial transformation was observed. In an additional experiment, the extracellular liquid of Irpex lacteus, which contains predominantly MnP, was able to efficiently transform CB‑CHOs with the aid of glutathione; mono‑ and di-chloroacetophenones were detected as transformation products. These results demonstrate that extracellular enzymes of ligninolytic fungi can act on a wide range of PCB metabolites, emphasizing their potential for bioremediation.

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