scholarly journals Flood disasters and social resilience during the decline of the Qing Dynasty: case studies of 1823 and 1849

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixin Hao ◽  
Danyang Xiong ◽  
Jingyun Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Social Resilience ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Flood Disasters

Food Riots in the Qing Dynasty

1982 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 767-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bin Wong
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Common Type ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
The People ◽  
Food Riots ◽  
Different Types

Competition over grain supplies produced conflict when the people controlling large stores of grain failed to sell or lend grain at prices and in quantities demanded by the people needing grain. These conflicts, known generally as food riots, took place within a general political economy of grain circulation that spanned a wide variety of local situations. A brief sketch of different types of grain circulation and forms of food rioting establishes the setting for case studies that show the range of possible food riot situations and official reactions to the problems posed by food riots. Materials from the case studies are then drawn on to address the general questions of why rioters acted as they did, why their actions became a common type of conflict in the Qing dynasty, and why food riots persisted through periods of political strength and weakness.

Grammatical Descriptions in Manchu Grammar Books from the Qing Dynasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
Takashi Takekoshi
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Chinese Scholars ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The 19Th Century

In this paper, we analyse features of the grammatical descriptions in Manchu grammar books from the Qing Dynasty. Manchu grammar books exemplify how Chinese scholars gave Chinese names to grammatical concepts in Manchu such as case, conjugation, and derivation which exist in agglutinating languages but not in isolating languages. A thorough examination reveals that Chinese scholarly understanding of Manchu grammar at the time had attained a high degree of sophistication. We conclude that the reason they did not apply modern grammatical concepts until the end of the 19th century was not a lack of ability but because the object of their grammatical descriptions was Chinese, a typical isolating language.

FROM THE HISTORY OF THE FORMATION OF THE IMPERIAL ACADEMY OF PAINTING IN CHINA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
N. G. Surayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Shang Dynasty ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Western Han Dynasty ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Imperial Court ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Imperial Academy

Court painting in China has evolved over the millennia. With the advent of each new dynasty, the artistic institution at the emperor's court changed its location and name, and so did the status of artists. Fine art and its genre content depended entirely on the emperors' preferences. This article attempts to present a holistic picture of the reformation of the artistic structure at the imperial court at different historical stages, from the Shang dynasty (1600–1046 BC) to the reign of the Qing dynasty (1616–1911). The work presents the artistic structure of China and identifies its leading representatives at each stage of development. The first information about the Imperial Academy of Painting dates back to the period of the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC – 25 AD), when the Shangfang Department was mentioned. During the last Qing dynasty, the court structure of painting was a complex mechanism, with artists working in the Art Department (Huayuanchu), the Ruiguan and Qixiangong workshops.

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