Interaction between limb bud ectoderm and mesoderm in the chick embryo. I. Axis establishment

1956 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Zwilling
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Limb Bud

The Ectodermal Thickening and Ridge in the Limbs of Staged Human Embryos1

Development ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-264
Author(s):  
Ronan O'Rahilly ◽  
Ernest Gardner ◽  
D. J. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Human Embryo ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Free Edge ◽  
Limb Bud

The limbs of amniote embryos are characterized by a thickening of the epiblast at their tips (Balfour, 1885). Kölliker (1879) illustrated such a thickening in a section of a chick embryo and, according to Braus (1906), was responsible for the term ‘ectodermal cap’ (Ektodermkappe). Saunders (1948) showed in the chick by experimental means that ‘the thickened ectoderm at the apex of the bud’ is ‘essential to the formation of the limb’. A similar thickening has frequently been noted at the apex of developing mammalian limbs. It can be seen in figures 3, 4, and 5 of Lewis's (1902) paper onthe development of the upper limb in man. Bardeen & Lewis (1901, fig. 19) called attention to the thickened epithelium at the free edge of the human lower limb bud. Steiner (1929, fig. 5), in a study of the development of human skin, illustrated the ‘ectodermal cap’ in the upper limb of a 9-mm. human embryo.

Extracellular matrix synthesis in the chick embryo lateral plate prior to and during limb outgrowth

Development ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-87
Author(s):  
Trent D. Stephens ◽  
N. S. Vasan ◽  
James W. Lash
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Limb Bud ◽  
Matrix Synthesis ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Limb Buds ◽  
Cartilage Development ◽  
Limb Outgrowth ◽  
Lateral Plates

Little is known at the present time about the molecular basis and mechanisms of morphogenesis. The present study is an attempt to determine what influence the extracellular matrix has on the initial outgrowth of the limb bud. Stage -12 to -18 chick embryo lateral plates were examined in relation to proline and sulfate incorporation into collagen and proteoglycan. The flank and limbs incorporated the same amount of labeled proline and sulfate before stage 16. At stage 16 the flank began to incorporate more of both isotopes until at stage 18 there was twice as much incorporation into the flank as into the limbs. The flank and limbs contained the same type of collagen during the period examined. The limbs contained both large and small proteoglycans but the flank contained only small proteoglycans. These data suggest that the extracellular matrix in the flank and limb regions may play a role in limb outgrowth and that the limb buds at these stages may be more inclined toward cartilage development.

DEVELOPMENTAL INFLUENCES EXERTED BY THE PRE-AXIAL UPON THE DISTAL TERRITORIES OF THE CHICK EMBRYO LIMB BUD

1966 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Amprino ◽  
Maria E. Camosso
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Limb Bud

Interaction between limb bud ectoderm and mesoderm in the chick embryo. III. Experiments with polydactylous limbs

1956 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Zwilling ◽  
Louis A. Hansborough
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Limb Bud

VIP induces Ca++ mobilization in limb bud cells of the chick embryo

1989 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
F. Lohmann ◽  
G. Oettling ◽  
M. Lammerding ◽  
U. Drews
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Limb Bud

Relationships between ectoderm and skeletal morphogenesis in the chick embryo limb bud

1978 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Amprino
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Limb Bud
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