Diversity and distribution of thermophilic microorganisms and their applications in biotechnology

Studies of thermophilic microorganisms have shown that they have a considerable biotechnological potential due to their optimum growth and metabolism at high temperatures. Thermophilic archaea have unique characteristics with important biotechnological applications; many of these species could be used in bioleaching processes to recover valuable metals from mineral ores. Particularly, bioleaching at high temperatures using thermoacidophilic microorganisms can greatly improve metal solubilization from refractory mineral species such as chalcopyrite (CuFeS2), one of the most abundant and widespread copper-bearing minerals. Interfacial processes such as early cell adhesion, biofilm development, and the formation of passive layers on the mineral surface play important roles in the initial steps of bioleaching processes. The present work focused on the investigation of different bioleaching conditions using the thermoacidophilic archaeon Acidianus copahuensis DSM 29038 to elucidate which steps are pivotal during the chalcopyrite bioleaching. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were used to visualize the microorganism–mineral interaction. Results showed that up to 85% of copper recovery from chalcopyrite could be achieved using A. copahuensis. Improvements in these yields are intimately related to an early contact between cells and the mineral surface. On the other hand, surface coverage by inactivated cells as well as precipitates significantly reduced copper recoveries.

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NOVEL BACTERIAL PRODUCER STRAINS FOR INTENSIVE COMPOSTING OF POULTRY LITTER

STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. In the frame of the XXIII Agribusiness Forum of the South of Russia and the Exhibition «Interagromash» Volume 2 ◽

10.23947/interagro.2020.2.240-243 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Y.А. Frank ◽

◽

R.V. Perchenko ◽

К.S. Savelieva ◽

А.S. Trushina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Current Work ◽

Poultry Waste ◽

Slow Process ◽

Natural Conditions ◽

Livestock Farming ◽

Thermophilic Microorganisms ◽

Producer Strains

Poultry waste composting in natural conditions is a rather slow process. Application of biological preparations based on thermo-tolerant and thermophilic microorganisms can intensify the compost maturation. Novel strains of thermophilic microorganisms — organic matter destructors — were isolated in the current work. The isolates were identified as representatives of Bacillus, Aneurinibacillus, Aeribacillus, and Ureibacillus genera. Isolated strains can be recommended for biological preparations to accelerate composting of poultry litter and other livestock farming waste.

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Cadmium Ion Biosorption by the Thermophilic Bacteria Geobacillus stearothermophilus and G. thermocatenulatus

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.00295-06 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 72 (6) ◽

pp. 4020-4027 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Adrian Hetzer ◽

Christopher J. Daughney ◽

Hugh W. Morgan

Keyword(s):

Metal Ion ◽

Functional Group ◽

Thermophilic Bacteria ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Ion Adsorption ◽

Geobacillus Stearothermophilus ◽

Cadmium Ion ◽

Thermophilic Microorganisms ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Metal Ion Adsorption

ABSTRACT This study reports surface complexation models (SCMs) for quantifying metal ion adsorption by thermophilic microorganisms. In initial cadmium ion toxicity tests, members of the genus Geobacillus displayed the highest tolerance to CdCl2 (as high as 400 to 3,200 μM). The thermophilic, gram-positive bacteria Geobacillus stearothermophilus and G. thermocatenulatus were selected for further electrophoretic mobility, potentiometric titration, and Cd2+ adsorption experiments to characterize Cd2+ complexation by functional groups within and on the cell wall. Distinct one-site SCMs described the extent of cadmium ion adsorption by both studied Geobacillus sp. strains over a range of pH values and metal/bacteria concentration ratios. The results indicate that a functional group with a deprotonation constant pK value of approximately 3.8 accounts for 66% and 80% of all titratable sites for G. thermocatenulatus and G. stearothermophilus, respectively, and is dominant in Cd2+ adsorption reactions. The results suggest a different type of functional group may be involved in cadmium biosorption for both thermophilic strains investigated here, compared to previous reports for mesophilic bacteria.

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Studies on thermophilic microorganisms III certain soils in Kuwait

Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie Parasitenkunde Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene Zweite Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung Mikrobiologie der Landwirtschaft der Technologie und des Umweltschutzes ◽

10.1016/s0323-6056(78)80057-3 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 133 (7-8) ◽

pp. 579-587 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Diab

Keyword(s):

Thermophilic Microorganisms

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Production of Recombinant Bleaching Enzymes from Thermophilic Microorganisms in Fungal Hosts

Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals ◽

10.1007/978-1-4612-0119-9_13 ◽

2002 ◽

pp. 165-176

Author(s):

Peter L. Bergquist ◽

V. S. Junior Te’o ◽

Moreland D. Gibbs ◽

Angela C. E. Cziferszky ◽

Fabricia P. De Faria ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermophilic Microorganisms

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Extremely thermophilic microorganisms and their polymer-hidrolytic enzymes

Revista de Microbiologia ◽

10.1590/s0001-37141999000400001 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 287-298 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Carolina M.M.C. Andrade ◽

Nei Pereira Jr. ◽

Garo Antranikian

Keyword(s):

Hydrothermal Vents ◽

Thermophilic Microorganisms ◽

Potential Applications

Thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microorganisms are found as normal inhabitants of continental and submarine volcanic areas, geothermally heated sea-sediments and hydrothermal vents and thus are considered extremophiles. Several present or potential applications of extremophilic enzymes are reviewed, especially polymer-hydrolysing enzymes, such as amylolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes. The purpose of this review is to present the range of morphological and metabolic features among those microorganisms growing from 70oC to 100°C and to indicate potential opportunities for useful applications derived from these features.

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