Snow and ice balance in britain at the present time, and during the last glacial maximum and late glacial periods

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Lockwood
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Glacial Periods ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial ◽  
Snow And Ice

scholarly journals Human population dynamics in Europe over the Last Glacial Maximum

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (27) ◽  
pp. 8232-8237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miikka Tallavaara ◽  
Miska Luoto ◽  
Natalia Korhonen ◽  
Heikki Järvinen ◽  
Heikki Seppä
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

The severe cooling and the expansion of the ice sheets during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), 27,000–19,000 y ago (27–19 ky ago) had a major impact on plant and animal populations, including humans. Changes in human population size and range have affected our genetic evolution, and recent modeling efforts have reaffirmed the importance of population dynamics in cultural and linguistic evolution, as well. However, in the absence of historical records, estimating past population levels has remained difficult. Here we show that it is possible to model spatially explicit human population dynamics from the pre-LGM at 30 ky ago through the LGM to the Late Glacial in Europe by using climate envelope modeling tools and modern ethnographic datasets to construct a population calibration model. The simulated range and size of the human population correspond significantly with spatiotemporal patterns in the archaeological data, suggesting that climate was a major driver of population dynamics 30–13 ky ago. The simulated population size declined from about 330,000 people at 30 ky ago to a minimum of 130,000 people at 23 ky ago. The Late Glacial population growth was fastest during Greenland interstadial 1, and by 13 ky ago, there were almost 410,000 people in Europe. Even during the coldest part of the LGM, the climatically suitable area for human habitation remained unfragmented and covered 36% of Europe.

Late Glacial prehistory of central and southern Portugal

Antiquity ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 67 (257) ◽  
pp. 761-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Ferreira Bicho
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Southern Portugal ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Very little is known of the Upper Palaeolithic of Portugal, although it has been assumed to have the same general characteristics as elsewhere in southwestern Europe. New evidence suggests clear technological distinctions between Portugal and other areas of southwestern Europe after the Last Glacial Maximum, c. 18,000 (uncalibrated) years ago, and allows an initial synthesis for Portuguese Late Glacial prehistory, 16,000-8500 b.p.

The karst of the Vaucluse, an exceptional record for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Late-glacial period palaeoenvironment of southeastern France

2014 ◽  
Vol 339-340 ◽  
pp. 41-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyne Crégut-Bonnoure ◽  
Jacqueline Argant ◽  
Salvador Bailon ◽  
Nicolas Boulbes ◽  
Claude Bouville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Glacial Period ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Late Glacial Period ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Reconstructions of the past distribution of Testudo graeca mitochondrial lineages in the Middle East and Transcaucasia support multiple refugia since the Last Glacial Maximum

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Oguz Turkozan
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Testudo Graeca ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Past ◽  
Precipitation Seasonality ◽  
Multiple Refugia ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

A cycle of glacial and interglacial periods in the Quaternary caused species’ ranges to expand and contract in response to climatic and environmental changes. During interglacial periods, many species expanded their distribution ranges from refugia into higher elevations and latitudes. In the present work, we projected the responses of the five lineages of Testudo graeca in the Middle East and Transcaucasia as the climate shifted from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, Mid – Holocene), to the present. Under the past LGM and Mid-Holocene bioclimatic conditions, models predicted relatively more suitable habitats for some of the lineages. The most significant bioclimatic variables in predicting the present and past potential distribution of clades are the precipitation of the warmest quarter for T. g. armeniaca (95.8 %), precipitation seasonality for T. g. buxtoni (85.0 %), minimum temperature of the coldest month for T. g. ibera (75.4 %), precipitation of the coldest quarter for T. g. terrestris (34.1 %), and the mean temperature of the driest quarter for T. g. zarudyni (88.8 %). Since the LGM, we hypothesise that the ranges of lineages have either expanded (T. g. ibera), contracted (T. g. zarudnyi) or remained stable (T. g. terrestris), and for other two taxa (T. g. armeniaca and T. g. buxtoni) the pattern remains unclear. Our analysis predicts multiple refugia for Testudo during the LGM and supports previous hypotheses about high lineage richness in Anatolia resulting from secondary contact.

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