Analysis of skeletal remains from the Battle of Britain: a temporary cemetery of German aviators from World War II

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emeline Verna ◽  
Jean‐Marc Femolant ◽  
Michel Signoli ◽  
Caroline Costedoat ◽  
Laetitia Bouniol
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
World War

Balaenoptera borealis Lesson, 1828: rediscovery of a holotype

Mammalia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Haberland ◽  
Oliver Hampe ◽  
Marijke Autenrieth ◽  
Manja Voß
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Type Material ◽  
World War ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplotypes ◽  
The World

Abstract The whereabouts of the Balaenoptera borealis holotype, the skeleton of a 1819 stranded specimen, have been unknown since the World War II (WWII). Due to nomenclatural confusion, deficient documentation, and finally WWII bombing, which destroyed predominantly cetacean material in the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (MfN), the type skeleton of the sei whale sank into oblivion. Construction activities enabled a recent search and study on the remaining whale material. Here, we provide evidence that the type specimen was not destroyed. On the basis of species-wide and individual characters of the type material such as the shape of cranial elements and the pattern of the maxillary foramina, we show that the skull and mandibles, the vertebral column (except the atlas), and the ribs of the holotype remain intact. Further evidence that these skeletal remains belong to the previously missing holotype is provided by the characteristics of the spine. In addition, we analyzed ancient DNA from bone samples and confirm they are B. borealis, and the occurrence of same mitochondrial haplotypes indicate that the bones belong to the same individual. Additionally, a blue inscription was discovered at the caudal epiphysis of a thoracic vertebra; historical research matched this inscription with the material belonging to the former Anatomical-Zootomical Museum, from which the holotype was once bought.

scholarly journals Correlation between the lenghts of the long bones of the forearm and the fibula with body height in our population

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 394-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadica Marinkovic ◽  
Jasenka Vasic-Vilic
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
World War ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bone Length ◽  
The World

Background/Aim. The task of a forensic examiner during exhumation of skeletal remains is to calculate antemortem height of a person whose skeletal remains were found. Anthropological investigations which provided formulae for calculating ante-mortem body height date back from XIX or from the first half of XX centuries. The most commonly used formulae are those of Trotter- Gleser, which were used to investigate skeletal remains from the World War II. Those investigations were conducted on skeletal remains of various ages and degrees of decay. Our experience with exhumation have shown that the present formulae do not deliver reliable values of antemortem height. The aim of this study was to investigate if there is a correlation of the length of long bones of leg and forearm with body height within our population and to establish the formulae for calculating ante-mortem body height within our population based on the obtained values. Methods. The lengths of ulna, radius, fibula and tibia were determined precisely by measuring bones on living individuals using a digital X-ray system. The height of individuals whose bones were measured was determined using an anthropometer. Results. The highest degree of correlation between bone length and body height was found for tibia in males (r = 0.859, p < 0.005) and ulna in females (r = 0.679, p < 0.05). We calculated the regression formulae for determination of ante-mortem body height that differ from the current body height formulae. Conclusion. In our population the length of long bones of the forearm and the leg are characterized by various degree of correlation with body height. The formulae that we set, make less distinction between the measured and the calculated body height as compared with the Trotter-Gleser formulae. We do hope that their implementation will facilitate identification of sceletal remains in our population.

scholarly journals Highly efficient nuclear DNA typing of the World War II skeletal remains using three new autosomal short tandem repeat amplification kits with the extended European Standard Set of loci

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Zupanič Pajnič ◽  
Barbara Gornjak Pogorelc ◽  
Jože Balažic ◽  
Tomaž Zupanc ◽  
Borut Štefanič
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Tandem Repeat ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Dna Typing ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
World War ◽  
European Standard ◽  
The World ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
Short Tandem

scholarly journals Identification of Skeletal Remains of Communist Armed Forces Victims During and After World War II: Combined Y-chromosome Short Tandem Repeat (STR) and MiniSTR Approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damir Marjanović ◽  
Adaleta Durmić-Pašić ◽  
Lejla Kovačević ◽  
Jasna Avdić ◽  
Mirela Džehverović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Tandem Repeat ◽  
Short Tandem Repeat ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
World War ◽  
Short Tandem

scholarly journals Ancient DNA Methods Improve Forensic DNA Profiling of Korean War and World War II Unknowns

Genes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Elena I. Zavala ◽  
Jacqueline Tyler Thomas ◽  
Kimberly Sturk-Andreaggi ◽  
Jennifer Daniels-Higginbotham ◽  
Kerriann K. Meyers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Korean War ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Dna Profiling ◽  
Library Preparation ◽  
Forensic Dna ◽  
World War ◽  
Preparation Methods

The integration of massively parallel sequencing (MPS) technology into forensic casework has been of particular benefit to the identification of unknown military service members. However, highly degraded or chemically treated skeletal remains often fail to provide usable DNA profiles, even with sensitive mitochondrial (mt) DNA capture and MPS methods. In parallel, the ancient DNA field has developed workflows specifically for degraded DNA, resulting in the successful recovery of nuclear DNA and mtDNA from skeletal remains as well as sediment over 100,000 years old. In this study we use a set of disinterred skeletal remains from the Korean War and World War II to test if ancient DNA extraction and library preparation methods improve forensic DNA profiling. We identified an ancient DNA extraction protocol that resulted in the recovery of significantly more human mtDNA fragments than protocols previously used in casework. In addition, utilizing single-stranded rather than double-stranded library preparation resulted in increased attainment of reportable mtDNA profiles. This study emphasizes that the combination of ancient DNA extraction and library preparation methods evaluated here increases the success rate of DNA profiling, and likelihood of identifying historical remains.

Bringing colour back after 70 years: Predicting eye and hair colour from skeletal remains of World War II victims using the HIrisPlex system

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 48-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Chaitanya ◽  
Irena Zupanič Pajnič ◽  
Susan Walsh ◽  
Jože Balažic ◽  
Tomaž Zupanc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
World War ◽  
Hair Colour

scholarly journals Genetic and phylogeographic evidence for Jewish Holocaust victims at the Sobibór death camp

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Diepenbroek ◽  
Christina Amory ◽  
Harald Niederstätter ◽  
Bettina Zimmermann ◽  
Maria Szargut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Nazi Germany ◽  
World War ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
Ashkenazi Jews ◽  
Human Skeletal Remains ◽  
Death Camp ◽  
Totalitarian Regimes ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

AbstractSix million Jews were killed by Nazi Germany and its collaborators during World War II. Archaeological excavations in the area of the death camp in Sobibór, Poland, revealed ten sets of human skeletal remains presumptively assigned to Polish victims of the totalitarian regimes. However, their genetic analyses indicate that the remains are of Ashkenazi Jews murdered as part of the mass extermination of European Jews by the Nazi regime and not of otherwise hypothesised non-Jewish partisan combatants. In accordance with traditional Jewish rite, the remains were reburied in the presence of a Rabbi at the place of their discovery.

Modernism and World War II

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina MacKay
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War
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